Selected Patents 2012

The following list contains brief details of current patents, which appeared to the editor to be especially relevant. Inevitably, there is an element of subjectivity in the choice. Topics included in the list are based on the Divisions of the AOCS and the topical sessions held at the AOCS annual meetings. Patents are listed here at intervals as they are published in Inform.

Structured fluid detergent compositions comprising dibenzylidene polyol acetal derivatives and detersive enzymes  (Boutique, J.-P., et al.., Procter & Gamble Co., US8153571, April 10, 2012).

Fluid detergent compositions comprising an external structurant comprising dibenzylidene polyol acetal derivatives for providing desired rheological benefits such as product thickening, shear thinning behavior, as well as particle suspension capabilities, and a detersive enzyme such as lipase.

Synthesis of glycerolipid carbamates and dicarbamates and their use as an antitumor compounds  (Bittman, R., et al.., US8153615, April 10, 2012).

The syntheses and in vitro antitumor properties of carbamate-containing, dicarbamate-containing, and ureido-containing phospholipid compounds that have an ether linkage at the C-1 position of a glycerol backbone, a carbamate, dicarbamate, or ureido moiety at the C-2 position of the glycerol backbone, and a phosphocholine, phosphonocholine, or glycoside moiety at the C-3 position of the glycerol backbone are described. The synthesis and antiproliferative activity of ether lipids with a naphthol moiety at the C-1 position are also described. These compounds were shown to be potent inhibitors of cancer cell growth. These compounds are useful for killing cancer cells and treating cancer.

Modified vegetable oil-based polyols  (Petrovic, Z., et al.., Cargill, Inc., US8153746, April 10, 2012).

Methods of making unsaturated modified vegetable oil-based polyols are described. Also described are methods of making oligomeric modified vegetable oil-based polyols. An oligomeric composition having a modified fatty acid triglyceride structure is also described. Also, methods of making a polyol including hydroformylation and hydrogenation of oils in the presence of a catalyst and support are described.

Emulsification system for use in cosmetics  (Fares, H., et al.., L’Oreal, US8158136, April 17, 2012).

Disclosed are cosmetic compositions containing water, at least one non-polar and/or polar oil, and an emulsification system comprising a polyoxyethylene oxide C₁₂–C₂₄ fatty acid ester; a sucrose fatty acid ester of vegetable origin, and a glyceryl and/or sorbitan C₁₂–C₂₄ fatty acid ester, and methods of making and using the compositions.

Antimicrobial and antiviral composition  (Willimann, J.A., and W. Chandler, Global Life Technologies Corp., US8158163, April 17, 2012).

An antimicrobial and antiviral barrier composition for topical application to the proximal anterior nares includes an antiseptic solution in combination with Cocos nucifera (coconut oil) and one or more citrus oils such as, for example, Citrus sinensis (orange oil). Various embodiments may also include one or more of the following additional ingredients: lauric acid; d-limonene; soy oil; emu oil; grapefruit seed extract; Glycine soja; Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba); Aloe vera; and a preservative, such as sodium benzoate, BHT [butylated hydroxytoluene], benzalkonium chloride, vitamin E.

Structured lipid containing compositions and methods with health and nutrition promoting characteristics  (Nakhasi, D.K., and R.L. Daniels, Bunge Oils, Inc., US8158184, April 17, 2012).

Medium-chain triglyceride oils are interesterified with long-chain domestic oils in order to form interesterified structured lipids. These structured lipids find special application in combination with phytosterols to provide compositions and methods for enhancing health and nutrition characteristics. The compositions preferably have a structured lipid content of between about 92 and about 96 wt% and a phytosterol ester content of between about 4 and about 8 wt%, based on the total weight of the health and nutrition-promoting composition.

Controlled viscosity oil composition and method of making  (Nakhasi, D.K., and R.L. Daniels, Bunge Oils, Inc., US8158185, April 17, 2012).

The present invention relates to a sprayable oil composition comprising a blend of an oil, an edible solvent selected from the group consisting of triacetin, tripropionin, tributyrin, and ethyl acetate; and a preferably an emulsifier such as a lecithin. Advantageously, the viscosity of the blend can be controlled without interesterification of the solvent with the oil. Furthermore, such oil compositions can be effective sprayable oils such as for pan release applications while being substantially free of alcohols.

Coating oil comprising by-products from the manufacture of fatty acid alkyl esters and/or biodiesel  (Tran, B.L., et al.., Nalco Co., US8163059, April 24, 2012).

A coating oil composition and methods of using the composition for dust control is provided. The coating oil comprises utilizing a by-product from the manufacture of biodiesel and/or fatty alkyl esters, wherein the by-product comprises C₆–C₂₄ saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, C₆–C₂₄ saturated and unsaturated fatty acid salts, methyl esters, ethyl esters and combinations thereof.

Yogurt with a two-phase structure and method for production thereof  (Crepel, P., et al.., Compagnie Gervais Danone, US8163316, April 24, 2012).

The invention relates to a yogurt with a two-phase structure, comprising fat globules connected to a mixed system of protein material and fatty material and globules of free fat into which a flavor preparation can be incorporated. The invention further relates to a yogurt with a two-phase structure into which a chocolate preparation or a vanilla preparation containing chocolate chips has been incorporated and, furthermore, a method for production of such a yogurt with a two-phase structure.

Triglyceride plasticizers having low average levels of branching and process of making the same  (Colle, K.S., et al.., ExxonMobil Chemical Patents Inc., US8163825, April 24, 2012).

Triglyceride PVC plasticizers can be produced by recovery of C₅ to C₁₀ aldehydes having low average levels of branching from a hydroformylation product, oxidizing the aldehydes with oxygen and/or air to form an acid, recovery of the resulting acid, and esterification with glycerol. Plasticizer compositions including such products or linear triglycerides combined with a secondary plasticizer and articles made therefrom are disclosed.

Methods and catalysts for making biodiesel from the transesterification and esterification of unrefined oils  (Yan, S., et al.., Wayne State University, US8163946, April 24, 2012).

A method of forming a biodiesel product and a heterogeneous catalyst system used to form said product that has a high tolerance for the presence of water and free fatty acids (FFA) in the oil feedstock is disclosed. This catalyst system may simultaneously catalyze both the esterification of FAA and the transesterification of triglycerides present in the oil feedstock. The catalyst system according to one aspect of the present disclosure represents a class of zinc and lanthanum oxide heterogeneous catalysts that include different ratios of zinc oxide to lanthanum oxides (Zn/La ratio) ranging from about 10:0 to 0:10. The Zn/La ratio in the catalyst is believed to have an effect on the number and reactivity of Lewis acid and base sites, as well as the transesterification of glycerides, the esterification of fatty acids, and the hydrolysis of glycerides and biodiesel.

Dry analytical element for lipase measurement  (Arakawa, J., et al.., Fujifilm Corp., US8168406, May 1, 2012).

The present invention provides a method for producing a dry analytical element for measurement of pancreatic lipase contained in a body fluid which contains triglyceride of long-chain alkyl fatty acid having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, monoglyceride lipase, and a glycerine measurement reagent, and comprises a water-impermeable support and at least one spreading or reagent layer, said method comprising the step of coating an emulsion/dispersion solution of triglyceride with an average particle size of 1 μm or less.

Lubricant blend composition  (Thoen, J.A., et al.., Dow Global Technologies LLC, US8168572, May 1, 2012).

The present invention relates to a lubricant composition. The present invention more particularly relates to a fully miscible lubricant composition that comprises a polyether and a renewable raw material such as an unsaturated seed or vegetable oil.

Sheet-fed offset printing inks and varnishes comprising new solvents  (Pulina, T., and C. Johnke, Sun Chemical Corp., US8168708, May 1, 2012).

An offset printing varnish, comprising a solvent, is provided. The solvent comprises at least one triglyceride with saturated monocarboxylic acid moieties, which solvent is preferably food safe.

Photoluminescent heat-shrinkable films  (Maruo, M., et al.., Gunze Ltd., US8169601, May 1, 2012).

A primary object of the present invention is to provide a multilayer heat-shrinkable styrene-based film that makes it possible, even when the film is transparent, to confirm that the film is correctly applied on a drink bottle and the like as a label. The present invention provides a heat-shrinkable styrene-based film having at least one layer containing a styrene-based resin containing a copolymer b1 of 98 to 40% by weight vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon and 2 to 60% by weight aliphatic unsaturated carboxylic acid ester, and/or a block copolymer b2 of 70 to 85% by weight vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon and 15 to 30% by weight conjugated diene hydrocarbon, and a fluorescent brightening agent in an amount of 100 to 2,000 weight ppm with respect to the total weight of the styrene-based resin. The present invention also provides a heat-shrinkable film having a three-layer structure containing front and back layers and a core layer, wherein the above-mentioned copolymer b1 and/or copolymer b2 forms the core layer.

Chocolate drawing method  (Kuwabara, Y., and A. Kuwabara, US8173186, May 8, 2012).

A method of making a drawing on a chocolate by causing a pulsed laser to irradiate the surface of a solid chocolate under limited operation conditions, and a chocolate manufactured by said method are provided. The irradiation energy per pulse and the irradiation energy per sweeping unit line length of the pulsed laser are limited to a certain range. The trace of the laser irradiation remains circular or arc-shaped on the surface of the chocolate manufactured under the above conditions. Further, the method makes a drawing on the surface of the chocolate, using the phenomenon that chocolate changes color when being irradiated by a pulsed laser under the above operation conditions.

Method of treatment using fatty acid synthesis inhibitors  (Singh, S.B., et al.., Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., US8173629, May 8, 2012).

The present invention relates to natural products that possess fatty acid synthesis inhibitor activity and can be used to treat and prevent diseases such as obesity, cancer, diabetes, fungal infections, Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections, malarial infections, and other apicomplexan protozoal diseases.

Water-based primer composition and coating method of plastic shaped articles using the composition  (Ishikura, M., et al.., Kansai Paint Co., Ltd., US8173744, May 8, 2012).

This invention provides a water-based primer composition characterized by comprising an aqueous dispersion formed by dispersing unsaturated carboxylic acid- or acid anhydride-modified polyolefin (i) having a melting point of 50–120°C and a weight-average molecular weight within a range of 30,000–200,000, and unsaturated carboxylic acid- or acid anhydride-modified polyolefin (ii) having a melting point of 30–100°C and a weight-average molecular weight within a range of 30,000–200,000, in an aqueous medium, the melting point of the modified polyolefin (i) being higher than that of the modified polyolefin (ii) by at least 10°C.

Method of making fatty acid ester derivatives  (Erhan, S.Z., et al.., United States of America/Secretary of Agriculture; Penn State Research Foundation, US8173825, May 8, 2012).

Fatty acid ester derivatives and a process for their production from unsaturated fatty acids are disclosed. The process comprises: (i) reacting an unsaturated fatty acid or an ester thereof having one or more sites of unsaturation, with an epoxidation reagent to form a fatty acid epoxide wherein at least one of the sites of unsaturation of the fatty acid or fatty acid ester is converted to an oxirane ring; and (ii) reacting the fatty acid epoxide produced in (i) with a carboxylic acid to form a hydroxy fatty acid ester derivative wherein the oxirane ring is opened and converted to a hydroxy ester comprising a hydroxyl group at one carbon of the opened oxirane ring and an ester of the carboxylic acid at the other carbon of the opened oxirane ring.

Fatty acid acetylated salicylates and their uses  (Milne, J.C., et al.., Catabasis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., US8173831, May 8, 2012).

The invention relates to fatty acid acetylated salicylate derivatives; compositions comprising an effective amount of a fatty acid acetylated salicylate derivative; and methods for treating or preventing an inflammatory disorder comprising the administration of an effective amount of a fatty acid acetylated salicylate derivative.

Method and apparatus for drying carboxylic acid  (Parker, K.R., and P.E. Gibson, Grupo Petrotemex, S.A. DE C.V., US8173835, May 8, 2012).

Disclosed is a method and apparatus for drying a wet cake in a carboxylic acid production process. The method comprises employing a contact dryer for drying solid particles of carboxylic acid, where the solid particles can have a residence time of less than about 7 minutes in the dryer and an exit temperature of less than about 250°C upon exiting the dryer.

Method for producing at least one of α,β-unsaturated aldehyde and α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid  (Takeda, A., et al.., Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., US8173838, May 8, 2012).

Disclosed is a method for producing at least one of an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an alcohol in a liquid phase through a simple process. Namely, at least one of an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase at 110 to 250°C in the presence o f molecular oxygen and a noble metal-containing catalyst. Alternatively, at least one of an α,β-unsaturated aldehyde and an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid is produced by dehydrating and oxidizing an alcohol in a liquid phase in the presence of molecular oxygen, a noble metal-containing catalyst, and an acidic substance.

Non-aqueous pigment ink  (Endo, T., Riso Kagaku Corp., US8177899, May 15, 2012).

A non-aqueous pigment ink comprising a pigment, a pigment dispersant, and a non-aqueous solvent, wherein the non-aqueous solvent comprises an alcohol solvent, a fatty acid ester solvent, and a hydrocarbon solvent, the alcohol solvent comprises a saturated branched alcohol containing 14 to 18 carbon atoms and having one branch, and an amount of the saturated branched alcohol is within a range from 3 to 40% by mass relative to a total mass of the ink.

Surfactant materials and coatings for weighting agents for use in oil based drilling fluids  (Ballard, D.A., M-I LLC, US8178475, May 15, 2012).

A wellbore fluid that includes an oleaginous continuous phase; a nonoleaginous phase; and a polymeric additive formed by mixing at least one lipophilic monomer and at least one crosslinking agent, wherein the at least one lipophilic monomer is at least one of an epoxide-functionalized derivative of at least one selected from soybean oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, cashew nut shell oil; perilla oil, tung oil, oiticia oil, safflower oil, poppy oil, hemp oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, high-oleic triglycerides, triglycerides of euphorbia plants, peanut oil, olive oil, olive kernel oil, almond oil, kapok oil, hazelnut oil, apricot kernel oil, beechnut oil, lupine oil, maize oil, sesame oil, grapeseed oil, lallemantia oil, castor oil, herring oil, sardine oil, menhaden oil, whale oil, tall oil, and synthetic aliphatic or aromatic ethers, and the at least one crosslinking agent includes at least one selected from amines, alcohols, phenols, thiols, carbanions, carboxylates, and mixtures thereof is disclosed.

Tread for tire  (Lopitaux, G., and D. Vasseur, Michelin Recherche et Technique S.A., US8178605, May 15, 2012).

Tire tread comprising a rubber composition, the said composition comprising at least one diene elastomer, one reinforcing filler and one plasticizing system, characterized in that the said plasticizing system comprises, in combination: a plasticizing hydrocarbon resin, the glass transition temperature of which is greater than 0°C; and a carboxylic acid diester corresponding to the formula (I): R–OOC–(CH₂)_n–COO–R in which n is included within a range from 1 to 15 and the R radicals, which are identical or different, represent a hydrocarbon radical. The invention also relates to the use of such a tread in the manufacture or the retreading of tires exhibiting a substantially improved compromise in properties with regard to the wear resistance and the wet grip.

Production of fatty acid and fatty acid ester  (Pastinen, O., et al.., Aalto University Foundation, US8178706, May 15, 2012).

The present invention concerns a process for forming a fatty acid, a fatty acid ester or a mixture thereof from a soap-comprising starting material, in which process a metal-ion forming agent is added to the starting material, whereby a mixture is formed, which contains an insoluble phase and a liquid phase, the insoluble phase is separated from the liquid phase, and an acid is added into the insoluble phase to form a fatty acid, or a monohydric alcohol and an acid catalyst are added to form a fatty acid ester, whereby two phases are formed, an aqueous phase and an organic phase, or, first, an acid is added and then a monohydric alcohol and an acid catalyst are added into at least a portion of the formed fatty acid to esterify the fatty acid.

Ruminant feedstock dietary supplement  Roman, E.A., et al.., Church & Dwight Co., Inc., US8182851, May 22, 2012).

This invention provides a control release formulation or rumen-bypass dietary supplement in compacted form. The formulation or supplement has the capability to transport fatty acid calcium salt and between about 1–75% of one or more rumen-protected undegraded biologically active agents to the post-ruminal digestive system of a ruminant. A feedstock containing the formulation or supplement for ruminants beneficially improves feed efficiency and body growth. The feedstock also is adapted to improve the lactational performance of dairy cattle.

Edible products with low content of saturated and trans unsaturated fats  (Cleenewerck, B., et al.., Fuji Oil Co., Ltd., US8182857, May 22, 2012).

The present invention relates to a structured, fat continuous edible product, wherein the edible product contains, expressed on total product basis, less than 35 wt% of saturated fatty acids, between 20 and 100 wt% of a triglyceride composition, between 0 and 80 wt% of a filler material, and less than 15 wt% of water. The triglyceride composition contains less than 50 wt% of saturated fatty acids, less than 10 wt% of trans unsaturated fatty acids, at least 10 wt% of POP triglycerides, wherein P is palmitic fatty acid, O is oleic acid, a ratio SUS/SUU of at least 1.3 [where S = saturated fatty acid; U = unsaturated fatty acid], a ratio SUS/S₃ of at least 15, at least 90 wt% of C_8–18 fatty acids, a ratio C₁₆/C₁₈ saturated fatty acids of at least 1. The triglyceride composition has an SFC [solid fat content] at 20°C of between 3 and 55%. The present invention also relates to a process for producing such a product and to triglyceride compositions suitable for use in such a product.

Process for producing triglycerides  (Cain, F.W., and U. Schmid, Loders Croklaan B.V., US8183021, May 22, 2012).

A process for producing triglycerides comprises: (i) subjecting a first triglyceride comprising at least 40% by moles of oleic acid residues, based on total acyl groups in the triglyceride, to a reaction with stearic acid, at least one ester of stearic acid or a mixture thereof, to obtain a composition comprising 1,3-distearoyl 2-oleoyl glyceride and trioleoyl glyceride; (ii) treating the composition to form a first fraction having an increased amount by weight of oleoyl groups compared to said composition and a second fraction having an increased amount by weight of stearoyl groups compared to said composition; (iii) hydrolyzing the first fraction to form oleic acid; and (iv) reacting said oleic acid or an ester thereof with a triglyceride comprising at least 50% by moles of palmitic acid residues, based on total acyl groups, to form a composition comprising 1,3-dioleoyl 2-palmitoyl glyceride.

Phenyl acetic acid derivatives  (Grillo, M., et al.., Amgen Inc., US8183293, May 22, 2012).

Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions, and methods are provided that are useful in the treatment of inflammatory and immune-related diseases and conditions. In particular, the invention provides compounds which modulate the function and/or expression of proteins involved in atopic diseases, inflammatory conditions, and cancer. The subject compounds are carboxylic acid derivatives.

Process for the preparation of cyclopropyl carboxylic acid esters and derivatives  (Clark, A., et al.., AstraZeneca AB, US8183412, May 22, 2012).

The invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of certain cyclopropyl carboxylic acid esters and other cyclopropyl carboxylic acid derivatives; a novel process for the preparation of dimethylsulfoxonium methylide and dimethylsulfonium methylide; to the use of certain cyclopropyl carboxylic acid esters in a process for the preparation of intermediates that can be used in the synthesis of pharmaceutically active entities; and to certain intermediates provided by these processes.

Base agent for electrical insulating oil  (Kanoh, T., et al.., Lion Corp.; Japan AE Power Systems Corp., US8187508, May 29, 2012).

Disclosed is a base agent for electrical insulating oils, which mainly contains an esterified product of glycerin and a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 6–14, preferably 8–12 carbon atoms. This base agent for electrical insulating oils is excellent in electrical characteristics, oxidation stability, cooling characteristics, flame retardance, and safety. In particular, this agent for electrical insulating oils can meet energy/environmental problems by using an edible oil and fat, which is obtained by using a fatty acid derived from a vegetable oil as a raw material, as the linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated fatty acid having 6–14 carbon atoms.

Recombinant microalgae cells producing novel oils  (Franklin, S., et al.., Solazyme, Inc., US8187860, May 29, 2012).

Disclosed herein are obligate heterotrophic microalgae cells containing an exogenous gene. In some embodiments the gene is a sucrose utilization gene, and further disclosed are methods of manufacturing triglyceride oils using sugar cane or sugar beets as a feedstock in a heterotrophic fermentation. In other embodiments the feedstock is depolymerized cellulosic material. Also disclosed are cells that produce medium-chain fatty acids at levels not produced in nonrecombinant cells of the same species and genus.

Additive and vehicle for inks, paints, coatings and adhesives  (Cook, L.J., and R.T. Skov, Omnitech Environmental, LLC, US8188184, May 29, 2012).

An environmentally safe additive and vehicle system are provided for water-based and oil-based printing inks, paints, coatings, and adhesives, which can be rapidly transferred, dispersed, dispensed, spread, dried, and cured. The low cost, stable additive and vehicle system enhance multiple-color, high-speed printing with sharp, highly defined images and superior quality, and can be used on many different types of substrates, such as paper, paperboard, cardboard, clay-coated board, foil, plastic, glass, metal, wood, and composites. The additive may be formed by the reaction product of a photoinitiator, such as an ultraviolet light-activated polyelectrolyte, and a monomer, such as an acrylate or a methacrylate in an aqueous solution. In other embodiments, the additive is formed from a carboxylic acid or anhydride and alkylalkanolamine monomer or a dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate.

Low oil volume frying device and method  (Feinberg, B.G., et al., Restaurant Technology, Inc., US8133520, March 13, 2012).

A commercial device and method for cooking food product in cooking oil includes a fry vat containing an amount of cooking oil used to cook discrete batches of uncooked food in discrete batches of a weight relative to the amount of cooking oil in the range of from about 0.0375 to about 0.1, with the total amount of food being cooked at any one time relative to the amount of oil in the fry vat being about 0.1 or less. Cooking the food results in an uptake of oil by the food in an amount of from about 5.5% to about 13% by weight of the uncooked food, and an oil turnover ratio of from about 0.0026 to about 0.007 per discrete batch. Replacement oil is periodically added, and a sufficient number of batches are cooked over 60 hours of operation to achieve at least one vat oil turnover.

Environmentally acceptable dilutable hard surface treatment compositions  (Dreilinger, L., and A.L. Kulbick, Reckitt Benckiser LLC, US8133855, March 13, 2012).

A dilutable concentrated hard surface cleaning composition which comprises (preferably consists essentially of): a detersive nonionic surfactant based on an alcohol alkoxylate; a detersive surfactant based on glucoside surfactants; an alkanolamine; water in an amount of at least 75 wt%, preferably at least about 80 wt%, and optionally one or more further optional constituents, including a polyacrylate polymer, fragrances, colorants, etc., with the proviso that the compositions exclude one or more of: (i) organic acids, (ii) inorganic acids, (iii) organic solvents selected from glycols, glycol ethers, ether acetates, and alcohols, (iv) thickeners, and (v) chelating agents based on nitrogen-containing organic compounds which include a plurality of carboxylic acid groups, preferably the compositions of the invention expressly exclude two or more, preferably three or more and yet more preferably exclude four or five of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), and (v).

Compounds and compositions thereof  (Thetford, D., Lubrizol Ltd., US8133914, March 13, 2012).

The invention relates to novel compounds containing a carboxylic acid head group. The invention further provides compositions containing the novel compounds, a particulate solid, and an organic medium or water.

Stripping liquid for use in separating paper from plaster/paper laminate  (Hiranaka, S., and G. Taga, Tokuyama Corp., US8137503, March 20, 2012).

A stripping liquid of the present invention is used for separating the paper from a plaster/paper laminate such as waste plasterboard, and comprises an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt or an ammonium salt of carboxylic acid. The stripping liquid is fed onto the surface (paper surface) of the plaster/paper laminate so as to infiltrate into the bonding surface between the plaster and the paper, so that the carboxylate is made present on the bonding surface. Upon stripping off the paper in the presence of the carboxylate, it is allowed to entirely separate the paper from the plaster. Upon mixing the stripping liquid and a nonionic surfactant or a water-soluble organic solvent together, further, the stripping liquid can be quickly and reliably infiltrated into the bonding surface between the plaster and the paper.

Organoleptically enhanced white chocolate  (Munafo, J.P., and M.S. Mackey, Mars, Inc., US8137725, March 20, 2012).

This invention is directed to an enhanced white chocolate to which has been added isovaleric acid in an amount effective to provide enhanced organoleptic attributes compared to a conventional white chocolate. The invention is also directed to the preparation of the enhanced white chocolate.

Biodiesel-derived combustion improver  (Roby, S.T., and G. Zhou, Chevron USA Inc., US8142524, March 27, 2012).

The present invention is generally directed to novel fuel compositions and to methods (i.e., processes) for enhancing the combustion efficiency and/or other properties of diesel fuels, particularly wherein such diesel fuels are, or comprise, biodiesel, such biodiesel typically having poorer low-temperature properties than traditional (petroleum) diesel. Generally, such fuel compositions are provided by the creation and inclusion of a quantity of one or more epoxy-ester species, such species serving as combustion improvers for the fuel composition of which they are part.

Preparation of fatty acid esters of glycerol formal and its use as biofuel  (Company, C.E., et al., Institut Univ. de Ciencia i Tecnologia, S.A., US8142525, March 27, 2012).

This invention describes the preparation of fatty acid esters of glycerol formal either by a triglyceride transesterification process or, alternatively, by an esterification process of fatty acids previously obtained from the hydrolysis of triglycerides (fat splitting), with glycerol formal in the presence of an acid or basic catalyst. Also the invention describes the use of these fatty acid esters of glycerol formal prepared by said process as biofuel. In an embodiment, such biofuel is used in the preparation of other biofuels by its mixture with a product selected from a group formed by: glycerol formal, biodiesel, petrol-derived diesel, and mixtures thereof. The biofuels thus obtained are characterized to allow the complete incorporation of the glycerol obtained in the current biodiesel production process in a biodiesel fuel.

Reduction of sterols and other compounds from oils  (Wang, W., Ocean Nutrition Canada Ltd., US8143310, March 27, 2012).

A process for the removal of sterols, specifically cholesterol, from a triglyceride oil, preferably a marine triglyceride oil, said process comprising contacting an oil with an adsorbent, specifically Trisyl™, clay or a mixture thereof, heating the mixture to 100°C to 210°C, preferably 150°C to 170°C, preferably for a time period of greater than one minute and optionally at a pressure less than 133 Pa, preferably less than 1.33 Pa.

Δ6 desaturase and uses thereof  (Mukerji, P., et al., Abbott Laboratories, US8143383, March 27, 2012).

The subject invention relates to the identification of genes involved in the desaturation of polyunsaturated fatty acids at carbon 5 (i.e., "Δ5-desaturase") and at carbon 6 (i.e., "Δ6-desaturase") and to uses thereof. In particular, 5-desaturase may be utilized, for example, in the conversion of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) to arachidonic acid (AA) and in the conversion of 20:4n-3 to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Δ6 desaturase may be used, for example, in the conversion of linoleic (LA) to γ-linolenic acid (GLA). AA or polyunsaturated fatty acids produced therefrom may be added to pharmaceutical compositions, nutritional compositions, animal feeds, as well as other products such as cosmetics.

DGAT genes from Yarrowia lipolytica for increased seed storage lipid production and altered fatty acid profiles in soybean  (Meyer, K., et al., E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., US8143473, March 27, 2012).

Transgenic soybean seed having increased total fatty acid content of at least 10% and altered fatty acid profiles when compared to the total fatty acid content of non-transgenic, null segregant soybean seed are described. DGAT [diacylglycerol acyltransferase] genes from Yarrowia lipolytica are used to achieve the increase in seed storage lipids.

FAD-2 mutants and high oleic plants  (Despeghel, J.-P., et al., Monsanto S.A.S., US8143485, March 27, 2012).

The present invention relates to plants, seeds, and products derived thereof, in particular to Brassica plants, seeds products derived thereof, that have mutant sequences conferring high oleic acid profile on the seed oil. More particularly, the invention relates to mutant Δ12 fatty acid desaturase sequences, also referred to herein as FAD2 sequences, in such plants, which confer high oleic acid profile on the seed oil.

Enhanced biodiesel fuel having improved low-temperature properties and methods of making same  (Zhou, G., et al., Chevron USA Inc., US8147567, April 3, 2012).

The present invention is generally directed to novel biodiesel fuel compositions having enhanced low-temperature properties. The present invention is additionally directed to methods (i.e., processes) for making such enhanced biodiesel fuels by improving the low-temperature properties of ester-based biodiesel fuels via in situ enhancement and/or additive enhancement.

Detergent cosmetic compositions comprising three surfactants and at least one fatty ester, and use thereof  (Beauquey, B., et al., L’Oreal S.A., US8147813

The present disclosure relates to novel detergent and conditioning compositions comprising, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, at least one sulfate or sulfonate anionic surfactant; at least one carboxylic anionic surfactant chosen from polyoxyalkylenated (C₆–C₂₄)alkyl ether carboxylic acids, polyoxyalkylenated (C₆–C₂₄)alkylaryl ether carboxylic acids and salts thereof, polyoxyalkylenated and (C₆–C₂₄)alkylamido ether carboxylic acids and salts thereof; at least one amphoteric and/or zwitterionic surfactant; and at least one water-insoluble carboxylic acid ester chosen from: (i) esters of a C₃–C₃₀ carboxylic acid and of a C₁–C₃₀ alcohol, with at least the acid or the alcohol being branched, and (ii) esters of a C₇–C₃₀ aromatic acid whose carboxylic functional group is directly attached to the aromatic ring and a C₁–C₃₀ alcohol; wherein the at least one water-insoluble carboxylic acid ester is present in an amount ranging from 0.5% to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, and further wherein the sulfate or sulfonate anionic surfactant/carboxylic anionic surfactant weight ratio ranges from 2 to 12. The present disclosure also relates to a process for using the novel composition to cleanse and care for keratin materials, such as the hair, or the skin.

Use of a plant oil product as an agent for increasing the synthesis of skin lipids  (Msika, P., and A. Piccirilli, Laboratoires Expanscience, US8147883, April 3, 2012).

The invention concerns the use of at least a vegetable oil product selected among the group consisting of vegetable oil oleic distillates, vegetable oil unsaponifiable matters, vegetable oil furan lipids and mixtures thereof, as agents for increasing skin lipid synthesis, in particular lipids of the epidermal skin barrier, in or for preparing a composition containing a pharmaceutically or dermatologically acceptable medium. The use enables to prevent and/or treat deterioration of the skin barrier (dry skin, skin subjected to actinic radiation, ichthyosis, acne, xerosis, atopic dermatitis, sensitive skin, chafing and reactive skin, itching and the like).

Microtitration plates comprising wells coated with a lipid substrate and a method of preparing  (Verger, R., et al., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, US8148096, April 3, 2012).

A method for the detection and/or measurement in vitro of a lipase or phospholipase activity, including the addition of a sample likely to contain said lipase or phospholipase into the wells of microtitration plates coated with a layer of a lipid substrate which is able to be hydrolyzed by the lipase or phospholipase by releasing α-eleostearic acid, and the detection and/or the measurement of the lipase or phospholipase activity by ultraviolet spectrophotometry of the α-eleostearic acid released during the previous stage. The application of this method to the in vitro diagnosis of pathologies linked to an increase in the plasma lipase level.

Oligoglycerol fatty acid ester additives for water-based drilling fluids  (Westfechtel, A., et al., Emery Oleochemicals GmbH, US8148305, April 3, 2012).

The use of oligoglycerol fatty acid esters, prepared from (i) an acid component chosen from (a1) fatty acids of the general formula (I) R--COOH (I) in which R represents a saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 21 C atoms, and/or (a2) dicarboxylic acids and/or (a3) dimer fatty acids and/or (a4) oligomer fatty acids and/or (a5) hydroxy fatty acids with (ii) a polyol component which is chosen from oligoglycerols or alkoxylates of oligoglycerols, as an additive in water-based drilling mud compositions for improving the lubricating action of these mud systems, is described.

Stabilization of perhydrolases  (DiCosimo, R., et al., E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., US8148314, April 3, 2012).

Disclosed herein is a method for stabilization of the perhydrolase activity of the CE-7 esterase in a formulation with a carboxylic acid ester that employs the addition of a buffering agent, substantially undissolved, to the mixture of the CE-7 esterase and the carboxylic acid ester. Further, disinfectant and laundry care formulations comprising the peracids produced by the processes described herein are provided.

Cosmetic oil substances  (Ansmann, A., et al., Cognis IP Management GmbH, US8148561, April 3, 2012).

A storage-stable, smooth-feeling, non-comedogenic fatty acid ester mixture of 2-ethylhexanol and fatty acids comprising 2-ethylhexyl fatty acid esters, wherein the aggregate amount of C₁₂ and C₁₄ 2-ethylhexyl fatty acid esters is 85% or more of the mixture, based on the total weight of all fatty acid esters in the mixture, which mixtures are useful in or as an oil component of a cosmetic or pharmaceutical preparation.

Diacylglycerol acyltransferases from flax  (Weselake, R., et al., US8148602, April 3, 2012).

The invention relates to isolated diacylglycerol acyltransferases [DGAT] and polynucleotide sequences encoding the DGAT enzymes; polynucleotide constructs, vectors and host cells incorporating the polynucleotide sequences; and methods of producing and using same. Also provided are transformed cells and transgenic plants, especially Camelina sativa plant, with enhanced oil accumulation and quality.

Oil stripping fryer unit  (Bourg, W.M., Jr., et al., Frito-Lay North America, Inc., US8148668, April 3, 2012).

A continuous oil fryer used to fry food slices, such as potato chips, having an internal oil stripping capability. The fryer accumulates the steam produced by the frying process in a hood and utilizes such steam, after superheating the steam by passing it through a heat exchanger, to strip oil from product immediately upon removal from the hot oil bath by passing the superheated steam through a product bed while on an output conveyor. The superheated steam removes oil from the product on the output conveyor without increasing the moisture level of the product. The fryer therefore accomplishes the same function as a low-oil stripper without increasing the footprint of the frying unit and with less energy.

Process for producing a triglyceride  (Schweitzer, E.J.A., et al., Loders Croklaan B.V., US8153407, April 10, 2012).

A process for the production of a composition comprising 1,3-dioleyl-2-palmitoyl glyceride (OPO) comprises subjecting a palm oil stearin, with an iodine value (IV) between about 2 and about 12 to enzymic transesterification, with oleic acid or a non-glyceride ester thereof.

Delivery of active agents using a chocolate vehicle  (Lang, K.W., Delavau LLC, US8105640, January 31, 2012).

This invention provides edible compositions comprising pharmaceutically or nutraceutically active agents in particulate form homogeneously dispersed in a fat matrix, such as chocolate or chocolate compound coating.

Method for producing peroxycarboxylic acid  (DiCosimo, R., et al.., E.I. DuPont de Nemours Co., US8105810, January 31, 2012).

Disclosed herein are two-component enzymatic peracid generation systems and methods of using such systems wherein the first component comprises a formulation of at least one enzyme catalyst having perhydrolysis activity, a carboxylic acid ester substrate, and a cosolvent and wherein the second component comprises a source of peroxygen in water. The two components are combined to produce an aqueous peracid formulation useful as, e.g., a disinfecting or bleaching agent. Specifically, organic cosolvents are used to control the viscosity of a substrate-containing component and to enhance the solubility of the substrate in an aqueous reaction formulation without causing substantial loss of perhydrolytic activity of the enzyme catalyst.

Degradable diverting agents and associated methods  (Luo, H., and D.D. Fulton, Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., US8109335, February 7, 2012).

Methods and compositions that include a method comprising: providing a treatment fluid comprising at least a plurality of degradable diverting agents that comprise at least one degradable material selected from the group consisting of a fatty alcohol, a fatty acid salt, a fatty ester, a proteinaceous material, and a combination thereof; and introducing the treatment fluid into a subterranean formation during a subterranean operation via a well bore.

Process for continuous preparation of high molecular weight polyesters by esterification of dicarboxylic acids and/or transesterification of dicarboxylic acids with diols and/or mixtures thereof and an apparatus therefor  (Schulz van Ednert, E., Uhde Inventa-Fischer GmbH, US8110149, February 7, 2012).

The present invention relates to a method for the continuous production of high-molecular polyesters by esterification of dicarboxylic acids and/or transesterification of dicarboxylic acid esters with diols and/or mixtures thereof in the presence of catalysts with formation of a prepolymer in a tower reactor and polycondensation thereof to form a high-molecular polyester in a polycondensation reactor, a prepolymer with >40 to 70 repeat units (DP) being produced in the tower reactor and this prepolymer being polycondensed in only one further reactor to form a polyester with >150 to 205 DP.

Sphingomyelin liposomes for the treatment of hyperactive bladder disorders  (Chancellor, M.B., et al.., University of Pittsburgh, US8110217, February 7, 2012).

The present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions and methods for the instillation of lipid vehicles comprised of liposomes containing sphingomyelin or sphingomyelin metabolites to prevent, manage, ameliorate, and/or treat disorders involving neuropathic pain and aberrant muscle contractions, such as what occurs in bladder hyperactivity disorders such as interstitial cystitis (IC) in animals or humans in need thereof. Also provided is a liposome-based delivery of drugs, e.g., antibiotics, pain treatments and anticancer agents, to the bladder, genito-urinary tract, gastrointestinal system, pulmonary system and other organs or body systems. In particular, liposome-based delivery of vanilloid compounds, such as resiniferatoxin, capsaicin, or tinyatoxin and toxins, such as botulinum toxin is provided for the treatment of bladder conditions, including pain, inflammation, incontinence, and voiding dysfunction.

Lipase powder, methods for producing the same and use thereof  (Suzuki, J., et al.., Nisshin OilliO Group, Ltd., US8110386, February 7, 2012).

A lipase powder which is a granulated substance containing a lipase and a solid content of animal milk, a lipase composition wherein said lipase powder is immersed or impregnated in fatty oil, and a method for producing the lipase powder which comprises the step of adding animal milk or cream derived from the animal milk to an aqueous solution containing a lipase, and the step of spray-drying, freeze-drying, or solvent-precipitating the mixture thereof are provided. According to the present invention, a lipase powder of which lipase activity and stability are improved can be provided.

Bile acid or bile salt fatty acid conjugates  (Gilat, T., Galmet International Ltd., US8110564, February 7, 2012).

The present invention relates to the use of a bile acid or bile salt fatty acid conjugate of general formula II W--X-G in which G is a bile acid or bile salt radical, which, if desired, is conjugated in position 24 with a suitable amino acid, W stands for one or two fatty acid radicals having 14–22 carbon atoms, and X stands for a suitable bonding member or for a direct C=C bond between said bile acid or bile salt radical and the fatty acid(s) or of a pharmaceutical composition comprising same for the reduction of cholesterol in blood, for the treatment of fatty liver, hyperglycemia, and diabetes.

Methods for making molding resins  (Nava, H., and L. Chen, Reichold, Inc., US8110650, February 7, 2012).

Methods of making unsaturated polyester compositions are provided and include reacting: (i) plant and animal oil triglycerides, an alkyl ester of a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid or mixtures thereof; (ii) a difunctional or polyfunctional glycol or mixtures thereof; (iii) a difunctional or polyfunctional acid, their anhydrides or alkyl esters and mixtures thereof; (iv) a strained cycloolefin; (v) a component(s) that function as a compound capable of initiating polymerization at high temperature and which is stable at room temperature; and (vi) low-profile additives, fillers, and reinforcements.

Binders  (Hampson, C., et al.., US8114210, February 14, 2012).

An unreacted substantially formaldehyde-free curable binder solution for binding loose matter consists essentially of a solution obtainable by dissolving a reducing sugar, an ammonium salt acid precursor, optionally a carboxylic acid or a precursor thereof, and optionally ammonia in water.

Labeled containers made from expandable thermoplastic materials having improved physical properties  (Palmer, B., et al.., NOVA Chemicals Inc., US8114492, February 14, 2012).

Labeled thin-wall containers molded from pre-expanded expandable thermoplastic particles having a label disposed over at least a portion of the outer surface of the container. The particles are coated with a composition that includes at least 2,500 ppm of a salt of a C₈ to C₃₂ carboxylic acid based on the weight of the particles. The label has a thickness of from 10 μm to 1,500 μm and the sidewall has a thickness of from 0.5 mm to 5 mm. An aqueous beverage at 80°C does not leak from the container after being left undisturbed for 24 hours, and the container has a rim strength of at least 0.54 kg. The containers are made by placing a label against an inner surface of a female portion of a two-part mold; closing the mold to form a mold cavity; filling the mold cavity with the particles; and fusing the particles.

Infant nutritional compositions for preventing obesity  (Zwijsen, R.M.L., et al.., N.V. Nutricia, US8119142, February 21, 2012).

The present invention relates to a method for preventing obesity later in life by administering a certain nutritional composition to an infant with the age between 0 and 36 months. The composition comprises linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid.

Nutrition with lipids and non-digestible saccharides  (Speelmans, G., et al.., N.V. Nutricia, US8119155, February 21, 2012).

The invention relates to a liquid nutrition comprising short-chain fatty acyl chains, polyunsaturated fatty acyl chains, vegetable oil, and a nondigestible, fermentable saccharide. The composition is particularly suitable for use as an infant nutrition. The composition is also suitable for treatment and/or prevention of gut barrier-related disorders.

Solid oral dosage form containing an enhancer  (Cumming, L.I., et al.., Merrion Research III Ltd., US8119159, February 21, 2012).

The invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition and oral dosage forms comprising a bisphosphonate in combination with an enhancer to promote absorption of the bisphosphonate at the GIT cell lining. The enhancer is a medium-chain fatty acid or a medium-chain fatty acid derivative having a carbon chain length of from 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Preferably, the solid oral dosage form is a controlled release dosage form such as a delayed release dosage form.

Chocolate drinks and method for their production  (Hino, Y., et al.., Suntory Holdings Ltd., US8119182, February 21, 2012).

The present invention provides a method for producing a chocolate drink having a smooth texture in the mouth without graininess, a refreshing aftertaste, and also an excellent and rich flavor. More specifically, the present invention provides a method for producing a chocolate drink, which comprises the step of extracting cacao nibs with water and the step of removing insoluble solids from the extract, wherein the liquid temperature in both steps is set at a temperature higher than the melting point of cacao fat/oil. Thus, the present invention enables the provision of cacao fat/oil-rich chocolate drinks, in which the formation of precipitates is inhibited and no solidification of cacao fat/oil occurs during storage. The chocolate drinks have a smooth texture in the mouth without graininess, a refreshing aftertaste, and also an excellent flavor.

Soaps produced from oil-bearing microbial biomass and oils  (Day, A.G., et al.., Solazyme, Inc., US8119583, February 21, 2012).

Soap and cosmetic products can be made from oil-bearing microbial biomass via the alkaline hydrolysis of glycerolipids and fatty acid esters to fatty acid salts. The saponified microbial oils/lipids can be combined with a variety of additives to produce compositions for use as soaps and other cosmetic products, which may also contain other constituents of the biomass, including unsaponified oils, glycerol, and carotenoids, among others.

Polyunsaturated fatty acid monoglycerides, derivatives, and uses thereof  (Fortin, S., Centre de Recherche sur les Biotechnologies Marines, US8119690, February 21, 2012).

There are provided various polyunsaturated fatty acid monoglycerides and derivatives thereof. These compounds can be useful as cancer chemopreventive agents, cancer treating agent, inhibiting tumor growth or cell proliferation, reducing tumor growth, or as radioenhancers for radiotherapy of cancer.

Storage-stable, hydroxy-modified microgel latices  (Obrecht, W., Lanxess Deutschland GmbH, US8119728, February 21, 2012).

A composition is described, encompassing a constituent selected from the group consisting of a modified resin acid (i), a fatty acid (ii) and a mixture composed of a modified resin acid (i) and of a fatty acid (ii), where the degree of neutralization of the constituent is from 104 to 165%. Its use for the production of microgels is also described.

Catalytic process for converting renewable resources into paraffins for use as diesel blending stocks  (Dindi, H., et al.., DuPont de Nemours and Co., US8119847, February 21, 2012).

A process for converting renewable resources such as vegetable oil and animal fat into paraffins in a single step which comprises contacting a feed which is a renewable resource with hydrogen and a catalyst which comprises a nonprecious metal and an oxide to produce a hydrocarbon product having a ratio of odd-numbered hydrocarbons to even-numbered hydrocarbons of at least 2:1.

Cosmetic composition comprising at least one polymer particle dispersed in at least one liquid fatty phase and at least one ester of at least one acid and at least one polyol ester  (Blin, X., and C. Lebre, L’Oreal S.A., US8124112, February 28, 2012).

The present disclosure, in one embodiment, relates to a cosmetic composition for caring for or making up the skin and/or epidermal derivatives and/or lips, which comprises a physiologically acceptable medium comprising (i) at least one liquid fatty phase, (ii) a dispersion of at least one polymer particle dispersed in the at least one liquid fatty phase, and (iii) at least one ester of at least one carboxylic acid comprising 1 to 7 carbons and at least one polyol comprising at least 4 hydroxyl groups, the at least one ester having a molecular mass of less than 5,000 g/mol. This composition allows a film to be obtained on the skin, epidermal derivatives, or lips that does not undergo transfer, has good staying power, and goes on easily.

Method of determining an amount of fatty acid contents in bovine intramuscular fat on the basis of genotype of fatty acid synthase gene and method of determining goodness of eating quality of beef on the basis of the results thereof  (Abe, T., et al.., National Livestock Breeding Center Inc. Administrative Agency, US8124344, February 28, 2012).

The present invention has an object to provide a method of determining fatty acid composition in intramuscular fat on the basis of bovine genotype, in particular a method of simply determining an amount of an oleic acid content with a high degree of accuracy, and a method of objectively determining the goodness of eating quality of beef on the basis of the results of the determination. The present invention provides a method of determining an amount of fatty acid content in bovine intramuscular fat on the basis of the genotype of fatty acid synthase determined by determining base [1] and/or base [2] described below, and a method of determining whether cattles are those from which beef with an excellent eating quality is obtained on the basis of the results thereof. [1] A 16,024th base corresponding to a polymorphic site which is either adenine (A) or guanine (G) in a base sequence represented by SEQ ID NO. 1 of a sequence list. [2] A 16,039th base corresponding to a polymorphic site which is either thymine (T) or cytosine (C) in the same base sequence.

Methods of etching oxide, reducing roughness, and forming capacitor constructions  (Rana, N.B., et al.., Micron Technology, Inc., US8124545, February 28, 2012).

The invention includes methods in which one or more components of a carboxylic acid having an aqueous acidic dissociation constant of at least 1 × 10-6 are utilized during the etch of oxide (such as silicon dioxide or doped silicon dioxide). Two or more carboxylic acids can be utilized. Exemplary carboxylic acids include trichloroacetic acid, maleic acid, and citric acid.

Production of biofuels and biolubricants from a common feedstock  (Miller, C.J., Chevron USA Inc., US 8124572, February 28, 2012).

The present invention is directed to methods and systems for processing triglyceride-containing, biologically derived oils, wherein such processing comprises conversion of triglycerides to free fatty acids and the separation of these fatty acids by saturation type. Such separation by type enables the efficient preparation of both lubricants and transportation fuels from a common source using a single integrated method and/or system.

Aldehyde compositions derived from seed oils  (Lysenko, Z., et al.., Dow Global Technologies LLC, US8124812

An aldehyde composition derived by hydroformylation of a transesterified seed oil and containing a mixture of formyl-substituted fatty acids or fatty acid esters having the following composition by weight: greater than about 10% to less than about 95% monoformyl, greater than about 1% to less than about 65% diformyl, and greater than about 0.1% to less than about 10% triformyl-substituted fatty acids or fatty acid esters, and having a diformyl to triformyl weight ratio of greater than about 5:1; preferably, greater than about 3% to less than about 20% saturates; and preferably, greater than about 1% to less than about 20% unsaturates.

Deicing composition  (Stokes, D.B., et al.., FMC Corp., Lithium Div.; Clemson University, US8128835, March 6, 2012).

A deicing composition is provided. The composition includes a potassium or sodium salt of a carboxylic acid and a lithium salt of a carboxylic acid or lithium nitrate, wherein the molar ratio of lithium to potassium or lithium to sodium is from 10% to 80%.

Method of producing enantioselective immobilized Candida rugosa lipase  (Othman, S.S., et al.., Universiti Putra Malaysia, US8129152, March 6, 2012).

Immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on a carrier selected from the group consisting of macroporous adsorbent resin of the acrylic type, synthetic epoxy activated resin and Mg--Al-hydrotalcite enhances its enantioselectivity by six- to sevenfold. The immobilized Candida rugosa lipase is suitable for use in resolution of racemic alcohols and/or carboxylic acids, particularly in resolution of racemic menthol or production of menthyl esters.

Control of enzymatic peracid generation  (DiCosimo, R., et al.., E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., US8129153, March 6, 2012).

A process is provided for producing target concentrations of peroxycarboxylic acids from carboxylic acid esters. More specifically, carboxylic acid esters are reacted with an inorganic peroxide, such as hydrogen peroxide, in the presence of an enzyme catalyst having perhydrolysis activity under conditions where control of reaction pH by selection of buffer concentration and concentration of perhydrolase and reactants produces a targeted concentration of peroxycarboxylic acids. The present perhydrolase catalysts are classified as members of the carbohydrate esterase family 7 (CE-7) based on the conserved structural features. Further, disinfectant formulations comprising the peracids produced by the processes described herein are provided, as are corresponding methods of use.

Phospholipids with unsaturated alkyl and acyl chains  (Hansjorg, E., and T. Hottkowitz, Max-Planck Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften E.v., US8129552, March 6, 2012).

The invention relates to phospholipid-like compounds having defined apolar constituents and to the use of such compounds as liposomes, active ingredients, and solubilizers.

Carboxylic acid derivatives  (Beumer, R., et al.., DSM IP Assets B.V., US8129562, March 6, 2012).

The present invention is concerned with novel arylalkyl carboxylic acid derivatives, more specifically, with acylates of arylalkyl carboxylic acids with naturally occurring, nontoxic hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, amino or imino compounds, and to compositions containing them. The compositions are preferably cosmetic preparations.

Edible plant oils from which saturated fatty acids were removed and manufacturing process thereof  (Han, B.-H., et al.., E.S. Biotech. Co., Ltd., US8133518, March 13, 2012).

The present invention is concerned with an edible plant oil from which saturated fatty acids were removed and manufacturing process thereof. In order to remove saturated fatty acids from the edible plant oils: (i) Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids bound on same triglyceride molecules of edible plant oils were segregated from each other as alkylesters of fatty acids by conventional transesterification reaction in which edible plant oils were treated with large excess of absolute C1 to about C8 alkanol under the presence of catalytic amount of alkali- or alkali-earth metal-C₁ to about C₈ alkoxide. (ii) The alkylesters of mixed fatty acids were treated with C₁ to about C₈ alkanol solution of urea to remove the alkylester of saturated fatty acids by conventional fractional crystallization as urea complexes of saturated fatty acid-alkylesters. (iii) Finally the resulting alkylesters of unsaturated fatty acids, obtained by removal of saturated fatty acids by urea complexation procedure, were converted to reconstructed triglyceride oil to give edible plant oils completely devoid of saturated fatty acids. This new manufacturing process could be successfully applied to following 22 kinds of edible plant: (i) corn oil,(ii) soybean oil, (iii) rapeseed oil, (iv) grapeseed oil, (v) flaxseed oil,(vi) sesame oil, (vii) olive oil, (viii) perilla oil, (ix) walnut oil, (x) pinenut oil, (xi) peanut oil, (xii) sunflowerseed oil, (xiii) safflower oil, (xiv) cottonseed oil, (xv) palm oil, (xvi) hot pepper oil, (xvii) rice bran oil, (xviii) pumpkinseed oil, (xix) green tea seed oil, (xx) almond oil, (xxi) evening primrose oil, and (xxii) hazelnut oil.

Emulsification-free degumming of oil  (Chou, C., Oilseeds Biorefinery Corp., US8076123, December 13, 2011).

This invention relates to an oil degumming method that is free of emulsification. Crude oil is treated with immobilized phospholipase and extracted with pure water or an aqueous solution.

Binder composition and asphalt mixture  (Laurens, C., et al., Shell Oil Co., US8076399, December 13, 2011).

A binder composition and asphalt mixture for asphalt pavements are disclosed. The binder composition comprises a resin of vegetable origin, an oil of vegetable origin, and a polymer, and the polymer comprises functional groups chosen from carboxylic acid anhydride, carboxylic acid, and epoxide groups.

Production of acylglycerol esters  (Lai, O.M., et al., Universiti Putra Malaysia, Golden Hope Research Sendirian Berhad, US8076497, December 13, 2011).

The present invention relates to the production of oil and fat containing acylglycerol esters including diacylglycerols, medium-chain and long-chain fatty acid triacylglycerols comprising an esterification reaction between an acyl group donor and an acyl group acceptor in the presence of a heterogeneous chemical catalyst consisting of an ion-exchange resin preparation. The product is further subjected to dehydration and separation to produce diacylglycerols and/or medium-chain and long-chain fatty acid triacylglycerols at a high yield in a short period of time.

Method for preparing fatty acid esters with alcohol recycling  (Elst, K., et al., Vlaamse Instelling Voor Technologisch Onderzoek N.V. (Vito), US8076498, December 13, 2011).

A method produces fatty acid esters by transesterification of fats and oils with an alcohol at high pressure and temperature. Unreacted alcohol is separated inline from the reaction mixture and continuously recycled into the transesterification process. The separation is performed by obtaining a vapor phase and higher-density phases of the reaction mixture and concentrating the alcohol in the vapor phase.

Liquid developer and image forming apparatus  (Teshima, T., et al., Seiko Epson Corp., US8080355, December 20, 2011).

A liquid developer includes an insulation liquid containing a fatty acid monoester and toner particles comprised of a polyester resin. By using the liquid developer it is possible to provide superior fixing characteristic of toner particles to a recording medium. An image forming apparatus that can suitably use such a liquid developer is also provided.

Cleansing bar compositions comprising a high level of water  (Salvador, C.R., et al., Procter & Gamble Co., US8080503, December 20, 2011).

Cleansing bar compositions having high water content comprise: (i) at least 15 % water; (ii) 40–84% soap; and (iii) 1–15% inorganic salt. The bar compositions further comprise a component selected from the group consisting of carbohydrate structurant, humectant, free fatty acid, synthetic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. The bar compositions preferably have a water activity (Aw) of less than 0.85. The bar compositions are preferably manufactured by a milling process.

Self-emulsifying preparations  (Kawa, R., and U. Issberner, Cognis IP Management GmbH, US8080586, December 20, 2011).

The invention relates to new self-emulsifying preparations containing (i) 7–20% stearyl oligoglycoside, (ii) 7–20% cetyl oligoglycoside, (iii) 0.1–3% myristyl oligoglycoside, (iv) 0.5–7% lauryl oligoglycoside, (v) 4–12% cetyl alcohol, (vi) 10–20% stearyl alcohol, (vii) 20–30% C16/18 partial glycerides containing 58–62% monoglyceride, and (viii) 20–30% C16/18 partial glycerides containing 30–45% monoglyceride, with the proviso that the quantities shown add up to 100% by weight with water.

Low hysteresis rubber elastomer  (Bergman, B.R., Michelin Recherche et Technique S.A., US8080603, December 20, 2011).

Curable elastomer compositions and cured and/or curable articles made therefrom are disclosed. The curable elastomer composition comprises an essentially unsaturated rubber elastomer between 0.5 and 25 PHR [parts per hundred parts of resin] of a metal salt of a carboxylic acid, an effective amount of a peroxide curing agent for curing the elastomer composition, and between 0.1 and 10. PHR of a hysteresis-decreasing multifunctional curing coagent that decreases the hysteresis of the cured elastomer composition. The hysteresis is measured using a rotorless shear rheometer as a loss tangent at 150°C, 41.85% strain, and 10 Hz. The hysteresis of such a cured composition may decrease by at least 15% or, alternatively, by at least 25%. The elastomer is useful in tires including, for example, the sidewall supports, the carcass reinforcement, and the tread.

Integrated process for preparing a carboxylic acid from an alkane  (Benderly, A., et al., Rohm and Haas, US8080686, December 20, 2011).

The present invention relates to an integrated process for producing unsaturated carboxylic acids from the corresponding C₂–C₄ alkane. Thermally integrated dehydrogenation reactions are carried out to convert a C₂–C₄ alkane to its corresponding C₂–C₄ alkene and exothermically convert a portion of an alkane to its corresponding alkene by oxidative dehydrogenation in an exothermic reaction zone in the presence of oxygen and a suitable catalyst. The products of the exothermic reaction zone are fed to an endothermic reaction zone wherein at least a portion of the remaining unconverted alkane is endothermically dehydrogenated to form more of the corresponding alkene, in the presence of carbon dioxide and another suitable catalyst. The alkene products of the thermally integrated dehydrogenation reactions are then provided to a catalytic vapor phase partial oxidation process for conversion of the alkene to the corresponding unsaturated carboxylic acid or nitrile. Unreacted alkene and carbon dioxide are recovered from the oxidation product stream and recycled back to the thermally integrated dehydrogenation reactions.

Complexes of fatty acid esters of polyhydroxyalkanes and pyridine carboxy derivatives  (Weidner, M.S., Astion Dermatology A/S, US8084049, December 27, 2011).

The present invention relates to novel combinations of fatty acid derivatives and pyridine carboxy derivatives, including fatty acid esters with glycerol and 3-carboxy pyridine derivatives such as niacinamide. Such combinations have surprisingly shown antiviral and antimicrobial activity, and the use for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and infections is disclosed herein.

Bioerodible film for ophthalmic drug delivery  (Kabra, B.P., et al., Novartis AG ; Alcon Inc., US8084054, December 27, 2011).

Drug delivery film compositions containing a combination of water-soluble, film-forming polymers and a fatty acid glyceride or ester are suitable for delivering ophthalmic drugs.

Preparation of a lipid blend and a phospholipid suspension containing the lipid blend  (Hui, P.K., et al., Lantheus Medical Imaging Inc., US8084056, December 27, 2011).

The present invention describes processes for the preparation of a lipid blend and a uniform filterable phospholipid suspension containing the lipid blend; the suspension is useful as an ultrasound contrast agent.

Compositions for treating and preventing hyperlipidemia  (Liu, J., and S. Wu, Fenchem Enteprises, Ltd., US8084065, December 27, 2011).

A composition for treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia consists of phytosterols and phytostanols 30–50%, flavones derived from bamboo leaf 20–40%, procyanidins 10–25%, and β-glucan 5–20%. When applied in supplementary nutrient foods or medicaments, the present composition can effectively lower the levels of cholesterol and triglyceride in blood and therefore can be useful for treating and preventing hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis, and the like.

Method of identifying maize plants having increased oil content using quantitative trait locus 6 (QTL6)   (Allen, W.B., et al., Du Pont Pioneer Hi Bred International, Inc., US8084208, December 27, 2011).

Compositions related to the quantitative trait locus 6 (QTL6) in maize and methods for their use are provided. The compositions are novel molecular marker loci that are genetically linked with QTL6 and which are associated with increased oil content and/or increased oleic acid content and/or an increased oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio of a plant or plant part thereof. These novel markers are characterized by the presence of at least one polymorphism relative to the corresponding marker locus from the QTL6 region of non-high-oil non-high-oleic acid maize plants. In some embodiments the novel marker loci comprise coding sequence for a maize DGAT1-2 polypeptide or biologically active variant thereof. The marker loci of the invention, and suitable fragments thereof, are useful in methods of the invention for manipulating oil and/or oleic acid content and/or oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio of a plant or plant part thereof, for marker-assisted selection of a plant, for example, a maize plant or plant part thereof, having an increased oil content and/or increased oleic acid content and/or an increased oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio and for marker-assisted breeding of the high-oil and/or high-oleic acid trait.

Method for the continuous production of unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydrides  (Broell, D., and H. Siegert, Evonik Roehm GmbH, US8084640, December 27, 2011).

Process for continuously preparing unsaturated carboxylic anhydrides of unsaturated organic radicals having 2–12 carbon atoms by trans-anhydridization of an aliphatic carboxylic anhydride with a carboxylic acid also unsaturated with 2 to 12 carbon atoms in a rectification column having an upper, middle, and lower region. An inert boiling oil is initially charged in the bottom of the column; the reactants are fed into a reaction region in stoichiometric ratios; the carboxylic acid formed as the by-product is withdrawn at the top of the column; the unconverted reactants are recycled into the reaction region, and the product is obtained via a side draw preferably between the middle and lower column region.

Catalytic process for converting renewable resources into paraffins for use as diesel blending stocks  (Dindi, H., et al., Du Pont, US8084655, December 27, 2011).

A process for converting renewable resources such as vegetable oil and animal fat into paraffins in a single step is disclosed. A lipid feed is contacted with hydrogen and a catalyst.

Hair cosmetic composition  (Sasao, Y., and Y. Yamazaki, Hoyu Co., Ltd., US8088178, January 3, 2012).

A hair cosmetic composition used for dyeing, bleaching, or destaining hair contains a fatty acid ester, a linear-chain higher fatty acid, polyethylene glycol having a number average molecular weight of 6,000 or more, an alkaline agent, and an oxidizing agent. The fatty acid ester is an ester of a fatty acid having a carbon number of 10 or less and an alcohol.

Production of biodiesel and glycerin from high free fatty acid feedstocks  (Jackam, J.P., et al., Seneca Landlord LLC, US8088183, January 3, 2012).

A system and method for the conversion of free fatty acids to glycerides and the subsequent conversion of glycerides to glycerin and biodiesel includes the transesterification of a glyceride stream with an alcohol. The fatty acid alkyl esters are separated from the glycerin to produce a first liquid phase containing a fatty acid alkyl ester-rich (concentrated) stream and a second liquid phase containing a glycerin-rich (concentrated) stream. The fatty acid alkyl ester-rich stream is then subjected to distillation, preferably reactive distillation, wherein the stream undergoes both physical separation and chemical reaction. The fatty acid alkyl ester-rich stream is then purified to produce a purified biodiesel product and a glyceride-rich residue stream. The glycerin-rich stream may be further purified to produce a purified glycerin product and a (second) wet alcohol stream.

trans fat free shortening and method for making same  (Schlegel, C., et al., Ventura Foods, LLC, US8088430, January 3, 2012).

An improved method for preparing a shortening composition comprising the steps of blending a nonhydrogenated vegetable oil with an emulsifier to form a liquid mixture, the emulsifier comprising monoglycerides and diglycerides; utilizing a pre-determined minimum cooling rate, a nucleation temperature, and a nucleation time for the mixture; blending an inert gas into the liquid mixture until the mixture comprises at least 5% by volume inert gas; pumping the mixture through a scraped surface heat exchanger to rapidly cool the mixture, wherein the temperature of the mixture changes at a rate of at least the minimum cooling rate; controlling the cooling rate of the mixture within the scraped surface heat exchanger such that the mixture is cooled to the nucleation temperature before the mixture exits the scraped surface heat exchanger; pumping the cooled mixture from the scraped surface heat exchanger to a working unit before the nucleation time has elapsed, wherein the nucleation time is measured from the moment at which the mixture reaches the nucleation temperature, and wherein the working unit mechanically works the cooled mixture; and filling a metered amount of the shortening composition into a container for further processing and packaging.

Method for pressure impregnating wood or wood products with wood preservative containing vegetable oil and impregnated wood  (Boren, H., Holjakka Oy, US8088442, January 3, 2012).

The invention relates to a method for pressure impregnating wood or wood products with a wood preservative containing vegetable oils. Before starting the pressure stage, wood is heated so that at least part of its inner parts heat to a temperature of at least 50°C. After the pressure impregnation, vacuum is formed in the space surrounding the wood and the surface layers of wood are heated to a temperature higher than the boiling point of water to remove wood preservative from the surface layers of wood.

Method of preparing a composition using argentation chromatography  (Binder, T.P., et al., Archer Daniels Midland Co., US8088710, January 3, 2012).

Fatty acid methyl esters, such as biodiesel, are separated based on the number of double bonds. Argentized cationic resin or a conditioned argentized alumina separates saturated or mono-unsaturated esters from polyunsaturated esters.

Method for manufacturing palladium-containing catalyst  (Himeno, Y., et al., Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., US8088946, January 3, 2012).

The present invention provides: a palladium-containing supported catalyst which is used for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid from an olefin or α,β-unsaturated aldehyde in high selectivity; a method for manufacturing the catalyst; and a method for producing an α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid in high selectivity.

Compositions for curing mortar or concrete mixtures ensuring water retention (during setting) and method therefore  (Mosquet, M., et al., Chryso S.A.S., US8092589, January 10, 2012).

The invention relates to compositions for applying to surfaces of freshly poured mortar and/or concrete, before the start of setting, to prevent the evaporation of water needed for them to set and harden. The compositions comprise aqueous emulsions of: (i) at least one petroleum-derived or synthetic paraffin wax containing, as a mixture, saturated and unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons of general formulae C_nH_2n+2 and C_nH_2n for which n is at least equal to 30 and the melting point of which is between 40°C and 75°C; (ii) at least one linear and/or cyclic hydrocarbon oil of aliphatic and/or naphthenic origin, which are hydrocarbon chains, by themselves or as a mixture, of general formula C_nH_2n+2 and C_nH_2n for which n is less than 30, in a liquid state at room temperature; and/or (iii) at least one oil formed from at least one ester resulting from the condensation reaction between a saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acid and a monohydric, dihydric, or trihydric alcohol.

Method for making contact lenses  (Pruit, J.D., et al., Novartis AG, US8092724, January 10, 2012).

The instant invention pertains to a method and a fluid composition for producing contact lenses with improved lens quality and with increased product yield. The method of the invention involves adding a phospholipid into a fluid composition including a lens-forming material in an amount sufficient to reduce an averaged mold separation force by at least about 40% in comparison with that without the phospholipids.

Taste modified hard confectionery compositions containing functional ingredients  (Bell, A.J., et al., Kraft Foods Global Brands LLC, US8092826, January 10, 2012).

The present invention provides improved confectionery compositions which have a substantial reduction in the unpleasant organoleptic sensations associated with the release of functional ingredients from the confection in the oral cavity. The confectionery composition comprises a confectionery base, a functional ingredient which is a botanical or a mineral or a mineral salt having an unpleasant mouthfeel, and from about 0.5% to about 5.0% by weight of the composition of one or more fats, said amount being effective to suppress the unpleasant mouthfeel of the functional ingredient. For botanicals the confectionery composition is a hard-boiled candy composition or a hard gum composition, and the fat is one or more partially hydrogenated vegetable oils or saturated fats. For minerals or their salts the confection is a hard-boiled candy composition and the fat is one or more partially hydrogenated vegetable oils.

Method for purifying biodiesel fuel  (Takanashi, H., Kagoshima University, US8062391, November 22, 2011).

Provided is a method for purifying a biodiesel fuel while completely preventing or greatly reducing generation of wastewater. The present invention relates to a method for purifying a biodiesel fuel characterized by applying an electric field to or heating a crude biodiesel fuel and a method for purifying a biodiesel fuel characterized by adding water (preferably containing a demulsifier such as an inorganic calcium salt or a magnesium salt) to a crude biodiesel fuel to form a W/O [water-in-oil] emulsion and breaking the emulsion by application of an electric field or heating etc.

Nutritional food oil compositions and methods of making same  (Greither, T., US8062688, November 22, 2011).

Nutritional food oil compositions containing all of the essential fatty acids and the highly recommended omega-3 fatty acid DHA [docosahexaenoic acid] in correct proportions making it convenient and easy for consumers to supplement their diets with these fatty acids in the proper amounts thereby deriving the health benefits of these fatty acids. A nutritional food oil composition is provided comprising α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) wherein the ratio of the amount of ALA to LA in the composition by weight is in the range of 1.5:1 to 6:1 and together the ALA and LA comprise at least 65% by weight of the composition and DHA from an algal source in an amount greater than 0.5% by weight of the composition.

Carbohydrates  (Medoff, M., Xyleco, Inc., US8063201, November 22, 2011).

Carbohydrates having functional groups such as carboxylic acid groups and methods of making such carbohydrates.

Chromatography process for recovering a substance or a group of substances from a mixture  (Krumbholz, R., et al., K.D. Pharma Bexbach GmhH, US8063235, November 22, 2011).

Method for improving the performance of a preparative batchwise supercritical fluid chromatographic separation for the recovery of a target fatty acid or derivative thereof, or of a group of target fatty acids or of derivatives thereof, from a mixture. The separation employs a chromatographic column charged with a stationary phase chosen from the group consisting of aluminium oxide or aluminium oxides, titanium oxide or titanium oxides, silica gel or silica gels, amino propyl modified silica gels, diol modified silica gels, phenyl modified silica gels, and "reversed phase" phases, the former in turn chosen from the group consisting of RP18, RP8, and RP3. The separation employs a mobile phase chosen from the group consisting of ethylene, propane, ammonia, dinitrogen dioxide, and CO₂. During the run of the mixture on the chromatographic column, a pressure and/or temperature gradient is applied to the chromatographic column during the elution of the target fatty acid or derivative thereof.

Process for milling cocoa shells  (Kopp, G.M., et al., Kraft Foods R&D Inc., US8067051, November 29, 2011).

A process for preparation of milled cocoa shell including grinding cocoa shell in a single unit operation in a short-duration manner without the need for moving mechanical parts. The milled cocoa shell product obtained from the grinding treatment has reduced heat degradation and avoids equipment maintenance concerns otherwise associated with mechanical milling of the cocoa shells while providing an edible granular product useful for food manufacture such as chocolate food production.

Polyurethane foam  (Cameron, P., and E. Appelman, Croda International Plc; Uniqema B.V., US8067479, November 29, 2011).

A microcellular polyurethane obtainable by reacting a polyisocyanate, a polyester formed from a dimer fatty acid and/or dimer fatty diol, and a chain extender. The foam is particularly suitable for use as a component of shoe soles.

Method of preparing carboxylic acid functionalized polymers  (Harris, J.M., et al., Nektar Therapeutics, US8067505, November 29, 2011).

Methods for preparing water-soluble non-peptidic polymers carrying carboxyl functional groups, particularly carboxylic acid functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) polymers are disclosed, as are the products of these methods. In general, an ester reagent R(C=O)ORʹ, wherein Rʹ is a tertiary group and R comprises a functional group X, is reacted with a water-soluble, non-peptidic polymer POLY-Y, where Y is a functional group which reacts with X to form a covalent bond, to form a tertiary ester of the polymer, which is then treated with a strong base in aqueous solution, to form a carboxylate salt of the polymer. Typically, this carboxylate salt is then treated with an inorganic acid in aqueous solution, to convert the carboxylate salt to a carboxylic acid, thereby forming a carboxylic acid functionalized polymer.

Methods for producing fuels and solvents  (Bressler, D., Governors of the University of Alberta, US8067653, November 29, 2011).

Described herein are methods for producing fuels and solvents from fatty acid resources. In general, the pyrolysis products of fatty acids are extracted in order to remove residual fatty acids and produce very pure hydrocarbon compositions composed of alkanes and alkenes. The fatty acids removed from the extraction step can be further pyrolyzed to produce additional hydrocarbons or, in the alternative, the fatty acids can be isolated and used in other applications. Also disclosed herein are fuels and solvents produced by the methods described herein.

Desaturase genes, enzymes encoded thereby, and uses thereof  (Mukerji, P.., et al., Abbott Laboratories, US8067674, November 29, 2011).

Disclosed are isolated polynucleotides encoding an ω-3 desaturase and a Δ-12 desaturase, the enzymes encoded by the isolated polynucleotides, vectors containing the isolated polynucleotides, transgenic hosts that contain the isolated polynucleotides that express the enzymes encoded thereby, methods for producing the desaturase enzymes, and method of using the enzymes to make polyunsaturated fatty acids. The isolated polynucleotides are derived from a fungus, Saprolegnia diclina (ATCC 56851). In particular ω-3-desaturase may be utilized, for example, in the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Δ-12 Desaturase may be used, for example, in the conversion of oleic acid (OA) to linoleic (LA) acid. EPA[eicosapentaenoic acid] or polyunsaturated fatty acids produced therefrom may be added to pharmaceutical compositions, nutritional compositions, animal feeds, as well as other products such as cosmetics.

Triacyglycerol-based candle wax  (Murphy, T.A,, Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc., US8070833, December 6, 2011).

A triacylglycerol-based wax includes a triacylglycerol component and a polyol fatty acid partial ester component. The triacylglycerol-based wax may have a melting point of about 54–63°C, may have an Iodine Value of about 20 to 40, and may have a fatty acid profile including about 50–70 wt% saturated fatty acids. The wax may be suitable for use as a candle.

Composition with a fungal (yeast) lipase and method for treating lipid malabsorption in cystic fibrosis as well as people suffering from pancreatic lipase insufficiency  (Schuler, C., and E. Schuler, BIO-Cat, Inc., US8071089, December 6, 2011).

The invention provides compositions and methods for treating pancreatic enzyme insufficiency, such as the pancreatic enzyme insufficiency associated with cystic fibrosis. The invention also provides compositions comprising lipase from Candida cylindracea, alone or in combination with amylase or amyloglucosidase protease and/or lactase. Furthermore, the invention discloses methods for treating pancreatic enzyme insufficiency comprising administering compositions to patients in need thereof.

Whey protein-containing granules and method of producing the same  (Kodama, T., et al., Meiji Seika Kaisha, Ltd., US8071153, December 6, 2011).

Disclosed are whey protein-containing granules that can dissolve a whey protein into water without forming insoluble lumps, thereby making a solution containing the dissolved whey protein clear without turbidity, and a method for producing the same. The whey protein-containing granules are composed of a polyglycerin fatty acid ester having a HLB [hydrophilic lipophilic balance] of 13 to 18 and containing lauric acid as a constituent fatty acid. As the polyglycerin fatty acid ester, monolauric acid decaglycerin ester or monolauric acid pentaglycerin ester may be used.

Self-adhesive film  (Kato, J., et al., Panac Co., Ltd., US8071212, December 6, 2011).

A self-adhesive film comprises a substrate layer and an adhesive layer on the substrate layer, which comprises a carboxylic acid-modified thermoplastic elastomer, a carboxylic acid-unmodified thermoplastic elastomer, a crosslinking agent, and a plasticizer. A self-adhesive functional film comprises a substrate layer, an adhesive layer formed on one side of the substrate layer, and a functional layer on the other side of the substrate layer, which has at least one of antireflective, electromagnetic wave-blocking, heat ra- cutting off, antistatic, anticlauding, antibacterial, deodorizing, easy-adhering, antifouling functions and hard coat layer.

Biodegradable wipe utilizing bio-based lubricant comprising refined soybean oil  (Horton, C., Hoover Inc., Techtronic Floor Care Technology Ltd. Royal Appliance Mfg. Co., US8071524, December 6, 2011).

The present invention generally relates to a biodegradable lubricating wipe, such as wet wipes. The wet wipes are typically fibrous sheet materials, pre-moistened with a solution for improved lubrication and/or protection of an area. In one embodiment the solution is comprised of a bio-based lubricant, a bio-based solvent, and water. In one embodiment, the solution is comprised of mineral spirits and refined soybean oil. In another embodiment, the solution is comprised of soy methyl ester and refined soybean oil. In yet another embodiment, the fibrous sheet material of the invention is biodegradable and the solution portion breaks down into a vaporizing component and a biodegradable carrier portion.

Orlistat compositions  (Barbier, P.. et al., Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., US8071571, December 6, 2011).

A pharmaceutical combination or composition containing a lipase inhibitor, preferably orlistat, and a bile acid sequestrant is useful for treating obesity.

Omega 3 fatty acid formulations  (Feuerstein, S.D., et al., Cenestra LLC, US8071646, December 6, 2011).

The present invention provides highly purified omega-3 fatty acid formulations. Certain formulations provided herein contain greater than 85% omega-3 fatty acids by weight. Certain other formulations provided herein contain eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and in a ratio of from about 4.01:1 to about 5:1. The invention also provides methods of using the dosage forms to treat a variety of cardiovascular, autoimmune, inflammatory, and central nervous system disorders by administering a formulation of the invention to a patient in need thereof.

Maleated and oxidized fatty acids  (Hurd, P.W., et al., Georgia Pacific Chemicals LLC, US8071715, December 6, 2011).

An oxidized and maleated fatty acid composition, especially an oxidized and maleated tall oil fatty acid-containing product useful in formulating corrosion inhibitors and for use as an emulsifier especially for petroleum-related applications is disclosed.

Chain-selective synthesis of fuel components and chemical feedstocks  (Olson, E.S., Energy & Environmental Research Center Foundation, US8071799, December 6, 2011).

A method comprising: (i) providing a starting composition comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a polyunsaturated fatty ester, a carboxylate salt of a polyunsaturated fatty acid, a polyunsaturated triglyceride, or a mixture thereof; (ii) self-metathesizing the starting composition or cross-metathesizing the starting composition with at least one short-chain olefin in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to form self-/cross-metathesis products comprising: cyclohexadiene; at least one olefin; and one or more acid-, ester-, or salt-functionalized alkene; and (iii) reacting cyclohexadiene to produce at least one cycloalkane or cycloalkane derivatives. A method for producing cycloalkanes for jet fuel by providing a starting composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of algal and polyunsaturated vegetable oils, subjecting the starting composition to metathesis to produce metathesis product comprising at least one olefin, cyclohexadiene, and at least one acid-, ester-, or salt-functionalized alkene, and reacting the at least one olefin and cyclohexadiene to form cycloalkane(s).

Composition for oxidation dyeing of human keratin fibres at a pH of less than 8, comprising a fatty alcohol, a fatty ester and a cationic surfactant, method using same and device  (Debain, J.-D. et al., L'Oreal SA, US8075639, December 13, 2011).

Provided is a dyeing composition for coloring human keratin fibers, comprising, at a pH less than 8, in a cosmetically acceptable medium, at least one oxidative dye precursor, at least one cationic surfactant, at least one fatty acid ester, and at least one fatty alcohol. The fatty alcohol is chosen from non-(poly)oxyalkylenated and non-(poly)glycerolated, saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols. The weight ratio of the fatty alcohol to fatty acid ester is greater than 2:1 and less than 10:1. Also provided are methods and devices for coloring the keratin fibers.

Antioxidant compositions useful in biodiesel and other fatty acid and acid ester compositions  (Carter, T.E., et al, Eastman Chemical Co., US8075804, December 13, 2011).

Compositions containing phenolic antioxidant solutions are provided. The invention further provides methods of making and using such compositions as well as compositions that contain both biodiesel and at least one antioxidant concentrate solutions and blended fuel compositions containing biodiesel blended with other fuels.

Triglyceride compositions useful for preparing composite panels and applications thereof  (Wantling, S.J., Momentive Specialty Chemicals Inc., US8076006, December 13, 2011).

Composite panels may be prepared using a moisture resistance additive having a formulation that includes a triglyceride having a saponification value of at least 150 and an iodine value of at least 35. The additive may be used in the form of a water emulsion. The water emulsion may be prepared by dispersing the components of the additive formulation under conditions sufficient to at least partially saponify the triglyceride. The moisture resistance additive can impart resistance to moisture absorption and thickness swelling to composite panels prepared therewith.

Methods for producing alkyl esters  (Chou, C.-C., Sunho Biodiesel Corp., US8076110, December 13, 2011).

This invention relates to a method for producing an alkyl ester via a transesterification or esterification reaction. The method includes (i) mixing an oil source containing a triglyceride or a carboxylic acid and a primary or secondary alcohol in an organic solvent to form a solution in which each molecule of the organic solvent contains 4–8 carbon atoms and a heteroatom; (ii) reacting the triglyceride or the carboxylic acid with the primary or secondary alcohol in the presence of a lipase to produce an alkyl ester in which the solution does not undergo phase separation throughout the reaction; and (iii) separating the alkyl ester from the solution.

Glyceride oil composition from fish oil and preparation method thereof  (Yoon, D.-H., et al., Ilshin Wells Co., Ltd., US8048468, November 1, 2011).

A glyceride oil from a fish oil and a preparation method thereof are provided. The composition includes 45 to 95% by weight of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) plus docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), 0.001 to 13% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and 0.001 to 5% by weight of palmitic and/or stearic acid bonded at the 1- and 3-positions. The DHA/DPA weight ratio is 0.5 to 8 and the DHA/EPA weight ratio is 3.5 to 15. The oil is excellent in digestion and absorption of polyunsaturated fatty acids into a human body by containing a low amount of saturated fatty acids at the 1- and 3-positions and process characteristics such as an oxidation stability and water dispersibility.

Cocoa beans with reduced polyphenol oxidase activity and high polyphenol content  (Bradbury, A.G.W., and E.-M. Berndt, Kraft Foods R&D, Inc., US8048469, November 1, 2011).

The present invention relates to a process for reducing the polyphenol oxidase activity in cocoa beans comprising the step of steaming non-fermented, non-roasted raw cocoa beans with water vapor.

Biomass hydrolysate and uses and production thereof  (Fichtali, J., et al., Martek Biosciences Corp., US8048652, November 1, 2011).

The present invention includes a palatable, stable composition comprising a biomass hydrolysate emulsion for incorporation, into, or used as, nutritional products, cosmetic products, or pharmaceutical products. Preferred sources for biomass are microbial, plant, and animal sources. The present invention also provides methods for making such compositions, specifically, a method for producing product comprising a nutrient, particularly a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, comprising hydrolyzing a biomass comprising the nutrient and emulsifying the hydrolyzed biomass. Such compositions and methods are useful, for example, for increasing intake of nutrients such as omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids having 18 or more carbons.

Microbial oils produced in transformed host cells comprising Δ9 elongases  (Damude, H.G.,, et al., E.I. Du Pont de Nemours and Co., US8048653, November 1, 2011).

The present invention relates to Δ9 elongases, which have the ability to convert linoleic acid (18:2, LA) to eicosadienoic acid (20:2, EDA). Isolated nucleic acid fragments and recombinant constructs comprising such fragments encoding Δ9 elongase along with methods of making long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) using these Δ9 elongases in plants and oleaginous yeast are disclosed.

Method for producing polyunsaturated C₂₀- and C₂₂-fatty acids with at least four double bonds in transgenic plants   (Cirpus, P., and J. Bauer, BASF Plant Science GmbH, US8049064, November 1, 2011).

The present invention relates to a process for the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids in transgenic plants, by introducing, into the plant, the nucleic acids which code for polypeptides with Δ6-desaturase, Δ6-elongase, Δ5-desaturase, Δ5-elongase, Δ4-desaturase, Δ12-desaturase, and/or ω-3-desaturase activity. These desaturases and elongases are advantageously derived from Phytophthora sojae. The invention furthermore relates to the nucleic acid sequence, nucleic acid constructs, vectors and organisms comprising the nucleic acid sequences according to the invention, vectors comprising the nucleic acid sequence and/or the nucleic acid constructs and to transgenic plants comprising the abovementioned nucleic acid sequence, nucleic acid constructs and/or vectors. A further part of the invention relates to fatty acid compositions produced by the process according to the invention and to their use.

Interactive chocolate board game  (Sweeting, J., Madelaine Chocolate Novelties, Inc., US8052149, November 8, 2011).

The present invention relates to an interactive board game comprising a playing surface having a series of tabs, wherein each opened tab reveals clues or directions to the next tab to be opened. In one embodiment, the board game comprises individual cells containing a prize, such as a chocolate, located under each tab, which are accessible upon opening the tabs.

Lysosomal phospholipase A2 (LPLA2) activity as a diagnostic and therapeutic target for identifying and treating systemic lupus erythematosis  (Shayman, J.A., et al., The Regents of the University of Michigan, US8052970, November 8, 2011).

The present invention is directed to methods for diagnosis and treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus using a lysosomal phospholipase A₂ in methods for the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus and drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus.

Mono- and disaccharide derivatives  (Hilgers, L.A.T., and A.G. Blom, Protherics Medicines Development Ltd., US8052981, November 8, 2011).

The present invention includes a formulation comprising a physiological salt solution, or an oil-in-water emulsion, or a water-immiscible solid phase, and an adjuvant comprising one or more disaccharide derivatives derived from cellobiose, gentiobiose, lactose, lactulose, maltose, melibiose, sucrose, or turanose, wherein at least four of the free hydroxyl groups of the disaccharide molecule have been modified such that the disaccharide derivative has: (i) at least 3 but not more than n–1, fatty acid ester groups, and (ii) at least one, but no more than n–1 anionic groups, wherein n is the number of hydroxyl groups of the disaccharide from which the derivative is derived and wherein the combined number of fatty acid esters and anionic groups does not exceed n.

Glycerophospholipids containing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and their use in the treatment and improvement of cognitive functions  (Ben Dror, G., et al., Enzymotec Ltd., US8052992, November 8, 2011).

Disclosed herein is a phosphatidylserine moiety and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) acyl groups (particularly long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] acyl groups such as omega-3 and/or omega-6 acyl groups) wherein said PUFA is covalently bound to said glycerophospholipid. Said lipid preparations are particularly useful in the treatment of mental and cognitive disorders, e.g., ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and Alzheimer’s disease. The disclosed preparations present improved bioactivity and are useful in the treatment of various cognitive and mental conditions and disorders, as well as for maintenance of normal functions of brain-related systems and processes.

Hard fat  (Andou, M., et al., Nisshin OilliO Group, Ltd., US8053015, November 8, 2011).

A hard fat which can be a basic ingredient for obtaining a margarine or shortening having favorable meltability in the mouth of a lauric fat, and also having favorable plasticity, as well as a margarine or shortening in which the hard fat is used, and confectioneries and breads using the same are provided. A hard fat containing 25 to 45% by mass of a lauric acid, having an iodine value of 0 to 25, and having the following triglyceride (TG) composition: triglycerides [carbon number (CN) 32 to 54 TG)] of 85 to 100% by mass; triglycerides (CN 32 to 38 TG) of 30 to 50% by mass; triglycerides (CN 40 to 46 TG) of 25 to 55% by mass; triglycerides (CN 48 to 54 TG) of 10 to 30% by mass, and further having the following constituent triglyceride ratio: (CN 32 to 38 TG)/(CN 40 to 46 TG) of 0.5 to 1.5; (CN 32 to 38 TG)/(CN 48 to 54 TG) of no less than 1.0; and (CN 40 to 46 TG)/(CN 48 to 54 TG) of no less than 1.0.

Solid oral dosage form containing an enhancer  (Ramtoola, Z., and K. Cumming, Merrion Research III Ltd., US8053429, November 8, 2011).

The invention relates to a solid oral dosage form comprising a pharmaceutically active ingredient in combination with an enhancer which enhances the bioavailability and/or the absorption of the active ingredient. Accordingly, a solid oral dosage form comprises a drug and an enhancer wherein the enhancer is a medium-chain fatty acid ester, ether or salt or a derivative of a medium-chain fatty acid, which is, preferably, solid at room temperature and which has a carbon chain length of from 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Preferably, the solid oral dosage form is controlled release dosage form such as a delayed release dosage form.

Nutrition containing fat blend  (Stahl, B., et al., N.V. Nutricia, US8053471, November 8, 2011).

The invention relates to the use of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids for the manufacture of a nutritional composition for feeding infants of a mother who suffered from a metabolic disorder during pregnancy and to a corresponding composition. Said composition comprises an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid fraction containing at least 0.1 wt% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) based on total weight of the lipid, at least 0.01 wt% n-3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPAn-3) based on total weight of the lipid, and at least 0.01 wt% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) based on total weight of the lipid, wherein the sum of DHA, DPAn-3, and EPA is below 1 wt% of total lipid.

Catalyst and process for preparing carboxylic acid esters  (Liu, K.H., et al., US8053593, November 8, 2011).

A catalyst and a process for preparing carboxylic acid esters from an aldehyde and an alcohol in the presence of molecular oxygen are disclosed. The catalyst comprises metals supported on a silica-containing support, wherein the metals consist essentially of palladium, lead, an alkali or alkaline earth metal, and at least one of niobium and zirconium. The process for preparing a carboxylic acid ester comprises reacting an aldehyde with an alcohol in the presence of molecular oxygen and the aforementioned catalyst.

Process for the preparation of carboxylic acids and/or derivatives thereof  (Law, D.J., BP Chemicals Ltd., US8053600, November 8, 2011).

Process for preparing an aliphatic carboxylic acid having (n+1) carbon atoms where n is an integer up to 6, and/or an ester or anhydride thereof by contacting an aliphatic alcohol having n carbon atoms and/or a reactive derivative thereof with carbon monoxide under hydrous conditions in the presence of a ferrierite catalyst.

Process for producing propylene glycol  (Kouso, H., et al., Mitsui Chemicals, Inc., US8053608, November 8, 2011).

It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for producing propylene glycol from glycerol as a raw material without the necessity for a step of gasifying glycerol. The process for producing propylene glycol of the present invention comprises a step of subjecting glycerol to catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of a catalyst A containing zinc oxide, silica, and at least one of copper and copper oxide.

Enhanced biodiesel fuel having improved low-temperature properties and methods of making same  (Zhou, G., et al., Chevron USA Inc., US8057558, November 15, 2011).

The present invention is generally directed to novel biodiesel fuel compositions having enhanced low-temperature properties. The present invention is additionally directed to methods (i.e., processes) for making such enhanced biodiesel fuels by improving the low-temperature properties of ester-based biodiesel fuels via in situ enhancement and/or additive enhancement.

Hydrogen generator and hydrogenation apparatus  (Ichikawa, M., et al., Hrein Energy, Inc., US8057559, November 15, 2011).

The efficiency of dehydrogenation and that of hydrogenation are improved. A hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen by dehydrogenation of organic hydrides in the presence of a catalyst is characterized by comprising a multi-tubular reactor vessel having a region for supplying fuel to generate heat for dehydrogenation. The region contains a combustion catalyst for combusting fuel, and a region containing a dehydrogenation catalyst necessary for dehydrogenation. The regions are arranged radially side by side with a wall separating them. A hydrogenation apparatus which synthesizes organic hydrides by way of hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons in the presence of a catalyst is characterized by comprising a multi-tubular reactor vessel having a region for removing the heat generated by hydrogenation and a region containing a hydrogenation catalyst necessary for hydrogenation, the regions being arranged radially side by side with a wall separating them.

Microwave popcorn with viscous liquid fat and method of preparation  (Plank, D.W., et al., General Mills, Inc., US8057837, November 15, 2015).

Microwave popcorn articles including a thickened liquid (at room temperature) oil and their methods of preparation are disclosed. The microwave popcorn articles comprise any conventional microwave popcorn bag or container and a food charge disposed therein comprising kernel popcorn and/or puffable pellets; 1% to 45% liquid (at room temperature) oil; and 0% to 4% salt. The oil ingredient has a melting point of ≤25°C. The oil ingredient includes an oil thickening ingredient, especially a starch-based oil thickening ingredient such as a cyclodextrin, in amounts sufficient to dimensionally stabilize the oil. By avoiding hydrogenation to solidify the oil into a solid fat at room temperatures, finished popcorn products can be provided that are desirably low in trans fatty acid content. The methods of preparation include preparing a heated oil thickened with cyclodextrin complexed with the oil and adding the thickened oil to the microwave container.

Automatic or machine dishwashing compositions of sulfonated estolides and other derivatives of fatty acids and uses thereof  (Bernhardt, R.J., et al., Stepan Co., US8058223, November 15, 2011).

Sulfo-estolides and methods of making them are described. Useful methods include acid side bleaching, partial hydrogenation of the fatty acid, pretreatment of the fatty acid to provide color inhibition, acid side hydrolysis of the sulfo-estolides, or conversion of SHP (“sultone hydrolyzed product”) to an essentially fully hydrolyzed product (HSHP) or a partially hydrolyzed product (PHSHP). Formulations and concentrated formulations of automatic dishwasher detergent or machine wash detergent compositions containing sulfo-estolides, among others, are also included.

Nitrated extreme pressure additives and blends  (Ngyen, D.N., Dover Chemical Corp., US8058317, November 15, 2011).

This invention relates to products and processes for making extreme-pressure (EP) additives (water-dispersible and oil-based). The process includes nitrating fatty raw material sources such as animal fats, vegetable oils, the fatty acids and synthetic esters derived therefrom, terminal or internal olefins, polyalkenes or their linear copolymers, and alkylated phenols, using 70% nitric acid or nitrogen dioxide gas. The additives are used as soluble oils or as lubricating blends by the inclusion of emulsifiers. The nitrated unsaturated fatty acids such as tallow fatty acid, oleic acid, tall oil fatty acid, tall oil-derived dimer acids, castor oil fatty acid, alkyl succinic acids, are modified by post-reaction to form alkanolamine (monoethanolamine triethanolamine) salts or alkanolamides in order to obtain the derived water-dispersible nitro-EP additives. The same nitration method is used to make ethoxylated fatty esters by reaction with water-soluble polyglycols in order to obtain water-dispersible nitro-EP additives.

Flexible glycerol conversion process  (Abhari, R., Syntroleum Corp., US8058484, November 15, 2011).

The present invention relates to a process for converting by-products of the manufacture of biodiesel into industrially useful oxygenated products of greater commercial value. The process includes a trickle bed reactor in which a glycerol-rich feedstock is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel-tungsten catalyst under typical refining condition of high temperature and pressure, yielding propane synfuel or propanediols.

Bio-based adhesive material for roof shingles   (Wen, B., and J.P. Zhang, United Environment and Energy LLC, US7951417, May 31, 2011).

An adhesive product and method of making the product replaces asphalt in the manufacture of roofing shingles. The method comprises steps of forming a mixture of oil comprising fatty acids and a powdered catalyst operable to catalyze the polymerization of the oil; maintaining the oil to powdered catalyst weight ratio in the mixture between 1 to 0.01 and 1 to 4.9; heating the mixture to a reaction temperature greater than 100°C; maintaining the reaction temperature for at least five minutes; and injecting air into the mixture while maintaining the reaction temperature. In making a roofing shingle, the method includes additional steps of: applying the heated mixture to a fiberglass mat sheet from an upstream roll to form a tacky coated strip; and, adding a layer of granules to the tacky coated strip. The adhesive material of this method comprises polymerized oil and the powdered catalyst.

Extraction and winterization of lipids from oilseed and microbial sources   (Dueppen, D.G., et al., Martek Biosciences Corp., US8012354, September 6, 2011).

A process for purifying a lipid composition having predominantly neutral lipid components having at least one long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid is disclosed. The process employs contacting the lipid composition with a polar solvent such as acetone; the solvent is selected such that contaminants are less soluble in the solvent than is the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid. The process is typically conducted at cooler temperatures including about 0°C. The long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids can include arachidonic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and/or docosahexaenoic acid. The process of the present invention effectively winterizes lipid compositions, thereby reducing the tendency of such compositions to become hazy.

Production of degummed fatty acid alkyl esters using both lipase and phospholipase in a reaction mixture   (Holm, H.C., et al., Novozymes AS, US8012724, September 6, 2011).

The present invention relates to a method for producing fatty acid alkyl esters such as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and fatty acid ethyl esters with a low level of impurities such as phospholipids. Two process steps are combined into one process step and the process is therefore cheaper. The method includes mixing water, alcohol, triglyceride, and/or free fatty acids, a lipolytic enzyme, and a phospholipase. Subsequently the aqueous phase, which contains glycerine, residual enzyme, and most of the hydrolyzed phospholipids, is separated from the nonaqueous phase, whereby the content of phospholipids in the nonaqueous phase is reduced.

Process for preparing 1,3-propanediol   (Husen, D.L., et al., Shell Oil Co., US8013192, September 6, 2011).

The invention provides a process for preparing 1,3-alkanediols, such as 1,3-propanediol (PDO), from 3-hydroxyaldehydes, such as 3-hydroxypropanal. The process comprises providing a mixture of 3-hydroxyaldehydes in an organic solvent; extracting into an aqueous liquid a major portion of the 3-hydroxyaldehydes to provide an aqueous phase comprising 3-hydroxyaldehydes in greater concentration than the concentration of 3-hydroxyaldehydes in the 3-hydroxyaldehyde mixture, and an organic phase; separating the aqueous phase from the organic phase; contacting the aqueous phase with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to provide a hydrogenation product mixture comprising 1,3-alkanediols and water; separating water from the 1,3-alkanediols using a multi-effect evaporation scheme; recycling water containing about 50 wt% or less PDO based on the total amount of PDO and water to the extraction stage; and recovering 1,3-alkanediols.

Rapid development of heat resistance in chocolate and chocolate-like confectionery products   (Simbürger, S., Kraft Foods R&D Inc., US8017163, September 13, 2011).

The invention relates to a process for manufacturing heat-resistant chocolate or chocolate-like confectionery products. Chocolate mass or chocolate-like confectionery mass which has been mixed with a water-in-oil emulsion, or chocolate mass or chocolate-like confectionery mass having an increased water content is molded and then subjected to a microwave treatment prior to, during, and/or after cooling. The heat resistance is developed essentially instantaneously, and the obtained product can be subjected to temperatures of up to about 40 or even 50°C without losing its form. The invention also relates to the products obtainable by that process.

Self-contained biofuel production and water processing apparatus   (Schuh, A.J., and P.A. Schuh, US8017366, September 13, 2011).

A system for making biofuels comprising methane, ethanol, and biodiesel comprises a tank with a sealable lid. An algae mass, water, and either a yeast or bacterial culture are added to the tank. Under high temperature conditions, acid (CO₂-containing) methane is produced and stored in a container. Under lower temperature conditions, ethanol and CO₂ are produced. Heated or cooled water passed through a water jacket that surrounds the tank maintains the proper temperature within the tank. The CO₂ is stored in a second container. The acid methane and the CO₂ are optionally passed through a scrubber. Scrubbed methane is suitable for use as a fuel and drives a generator that supplies power to various parts of the system. Carbon credits will be available for CO₂ that is trapped in the scrubber. A still separates ethanol and water for later use. Biodiesel can also be made in the apparatus by first making ethanol, then employing a transesterification process.

Liquid personal cleansing composition   (Shiloach, A., et al., Conopco, Inc., US8017566, September 13, 2011).

A mild, substantially isotropic skin cleansing solution was found to be able to suspend insoluble components and provide copious amounts of lather. The cleanser is formulated with synthetic anionic surfactants and a specific ratio of carboxylic acid(s) to hydrophobically modified cross-linked acrylate copolymer(s). The carboxylic acid and acrylate polymer combination was found to provide a synergistic effect on zero shear viscosity at 25°C in a specific pH and copolymer/acid concentration ratio range.

Thermal treatment of triglycerides   (Yao, J., et al., ConocoPhillips Co., US8017819, September 13, 2011).

A triglyceride or a triglyceride/hydrocarbon combination can be heated to produce thermally treated feeds. The thermally treated feeds can then be contacted with a hydrotreating catalyst in a reaction zone.

Cosmetic gel product on the basis of oils and gelling agents   (Mateu, J., et al., Coty B.V., US8021674, September 20, 2011).

The invention refers to a new cosmetic gel product that contains oils or fats and suitable gel-forming polymers and that has improved characteristics as regards stability and structure. The product of the invention comprises 5–85% by weight of a fat phase forming agent selected from among oils, hydrogenated hydrocarbons, alkenes, monoesters, diesters, triesters, and mixtures thereof; 0.1–15% by weight of a further gelling agent selected from among 12-hydroxy stearic acid, polyethylene whose molecular weight is between 400 and 2500 Daltons, glyceryl behenate and mixtures thereof; 0.5–5% by weight of a surface-active agent; and other auxiliary substances, carrier substances, active substances, and mixtures thereof; all percentages being relative to the weight of the gel product. The product is wax free and free of fatty-absorbing substances, and has a water content up to 60% with no sweating or bleeding.

Liquid developer and image forming device   (Akioka, K., Seiko Epson Corp., US8021815, September 20, 2011).

A liquid developer includes a toner particle mainly composed of a resin material, and a nonvolatile insulating liquid; the resin material includes an ethylene copolymer, and the insulating liquid includes a fatty acid triglyceride.

Very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, methods of production, and uses   (Anderson, R.E., et al., Board of Regents of the University of Oklahoma, US8021874, September 20, 2011).

The present invention relates to processes for production of very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA). The present invention also relates to compositions (e.g., nutritional supplements and food products) containing such VLC-PUFA. Methods for biosynthesis and production of VLC-PUFA are provided, particularly C₂₈–C₃₈ PUFA (also referred to herein as supraenes or supraenoics) by the expression, in a production host cell, of the full or partial sequence(s) of Elovl4 DNA/mRNA nucleic acids or ELOVL4 protein sequences encoded thereby, from any species (prokaryotic or eukaryotic). Elongation of C₁₈–C₂₆ saturated fatty acids and PUFA is a preferred route to provide a dietary supplement, a food product, a pharmaceutical formulation, a humanized animal milk, an infant formula, a cosmetic item, and a biodiesel fuel, for example. A pharmaceutical formulation can include, but is not limited to: a drug for treatment of neurodegenerative disease, a retinal disorder, age-related maculopathy, a fertility disorder (particularly regarding sperm or testes), or a skin disorder.

Hydrogenation catalyst with improved textural properties   (Velasquez, J., et al., Intevep SA, US8022008, September 20, 2011).

A method is provided for making a catalyst support and includes the steps of providing an aqueous suspension of refractory inorganic oxide and refractory inorganic carbide; forming the suspension into droplets; exposing the droplets to a gelling agent whereby the droplets are at least partially solidified so as to provide substantially sphere-shaped portions of refractory inorganic oxide and refractory inorganic carbide; and drying and calcining the sphere-shaped portions so as to provide substantially spherical particles of catalyst support containing refractory inorganic oxide and refractory inorganic carbide. Catalytically active metal phases and hydrogenation processes using the catalyst are also described.

Composition comprising a lipase and a bleach catalyst   (Souter, P.F.., et al., Procter & Gamble Co., US8022027, September 20, 2011).

The present invention relates to a composition comprising: (i) a lipase; and (ii) a bleach catalyst that is capable of accepting an oxygen atom from a peroxyacid and transferring the oxygen atom to an oxidizable substrate.

Rubber composition for studless tire and studless tire   (Hattori, T., and R. Kojima, Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd., US8022121, September 20, 2011).

The present invention provides a rubber composition for a studless tire and a high-performance studless tire produced therefrom which achieve good braking force and handling stability on ice and snow. The rubber composition for a studless tire includes: a rubber component; a zinc salt of a C₄–C₁₂ aliphatic carboxylic acid, or a C₄–C₁₂ aliphatic carboxylic acid and zinc oxide; and an oil or a plasticizer. The rubber component contains 40% by mass or more of butadiene rubber per 100% by mass of the rubber component.

Two-component solvent-free polyurethane adhesives   (Wu, Y., et al., Microvast Inc.; Huzhou Ochem Chemical Co., Ltd., US8022164, September 20, 2011).

A two-component solvent-free polyurethane laminating adhesive for flexible packaging, including a First Component and a Second Component, is provided. The First Component, which acts as a resin, includes a first vegetable oil-based Polyol A (20–40 wt%), a second vegetable oil-based Polyol B (0.5–5 wt%), and a Polyisocyanate C (60–74 wt%). The Second Component, which acts as a hardener, includes a first vegetable oil-based Polyol A (87–99 wt%) and a Polyol E (0.5–5 wt%). The first vegetable oil-based Polyol A is preferably a hydroxylated castor oil, and the second vegetable oil-based Polyol B is preferably hydroxylated linseed oil.

Compositions of phospholipid ether boronic acids and esters and methods for their synthesis and use   (Pinchuk, A., et al., Cellectar, Inc., US8022235, September 20, 2011).

The present invention discloses boronic acids and esters of phospholipid ether analogs and methods for their synthesis and use. The boronic acids and esters of phospholipid ether analogs described herein can be used in treating cancer and in particular can be used in conjunction with radiation therapy, such as external beam radiation therapy and neutron capture therapy to specifically target and kill cancer cells.

Fatty acid alkyl ester production from oleaginous seeds   (Aiken, J.E., US8022236, September 20, 2011).

A process is described for producing fatty acid alkyl esters for both diesel fuel and nonfuel uses. The feed material includes whole oleaginous seeds slurried in a liquid triglyceride oil containing at least 2 wt% free fatty acid, wherein oil from inside the seeds is first extracted with concurrent esterification of free fatty acids from all sources in an acidic environment. Following sufficient free fatty acid reaction, the intermediate product is subjected to base-catalyzed concurrent extraction and transesterification. Decanting of the by-product glycerin is followed by water washing. Subsequently, the fatty acid ester product is concurrently purified and fractionated into a biodiesel fuel stream and a nonfuel fraction, each of which undergoes post treatment as needed. The process is optionally integrated with glycerin purification and/or methanol recovery.

Cooking aid for improving the removal of extractives in pulp production, its production and use   (Ravaska, M., Arizona Chemical B.V., US8025762, September 27, 2011).

The present invention relates to a wood cooking aid that comprises a mixture of fatty acids and rosin acids and/or salts thereof in a ratio that is effective in removing the extractives in pulp production. The invention also relates to a method for preparing a wood cooking aid wherein fatty acids and rosin acids are provided in a mixture in a ratio that is effective in removing the extractives in pulp production. If desired, salts of said acids are prepared by reacting said fatty acid rosin acid mixture containing the desired fatty acid and rosin acid distribution with water and sodium hydroxide. The wood cooking aid of the invention is used in cooking of hardwood.

System and process for production of fatty acids and wax alternatives from triglycerides   (Hassan, A., et al., H R D Corp., US8026380, September 27, 2011).

A method of producing volatilized fatty acids by heating a feedstock comprising at least one fat or oil in a reactor under inert vacuum to volatilize fatty acids, and removing volatilized fatty acids from a bottoms residue comprising cross-linked oil. A system for producing a hydrogenated product including a reactor comprising an inlet for a stream comprising triglycerides, an outlet for volatilized fatty acids, and an outlet for a cross-linked product, heating apparatus, a vacuum pump capable of pulling a vacuum in the range of 1–50 kPa on the reactor, and a hydrogenation reactor, wherein an inlet of the hydrogenation reactor is fluidly connected to the outlet for cross-linked product.

Hydrodeoxygenation process   (Abhari, R., and P. Havlik, Syntroleum Corp., US8026401, September 27, 2011).

A process for producing a hydrocarbon from biomass. A feed stream having free fatty acids, fatty acid esters, or combinations thereof is provided. The feed stream is heated in the presence of a first catalyst to produce a partially hydrodeoxygenated stream. The partially hydrodeoxygenated stream is heated in the presence of a second catalyst to produce an effluent stream containing the hydrocarbon.

Fatty acid blends and uses therefor   (Knuth, M.., et al., COH Inc., US8029579, October 4, 2011).

Provided herein are blends oils or fatty acids comprising more than 50% medium-chain fatty acids, or the fatty acid alkyl esters thereof, and having low melting points. Such blends are useful as a fuel or as a starting material for the production of, for example, a biodiesel. Also provided genetically altered or modified plants, modified such that the amount of medium-chain fatty acids generated by the plant are increased. Further provided is a method of predicting the melting point of a blend of fatty acid methyl esters and the use of such a method for identifying blends suitable for use as, for example, a biodiesel.

Film formation method and apparatus   (Miyoshi, H., et al., Tokyo Electron Ltd., US8029856, October 4, 2011).

A film formation method is arranged to react carboxylic acid with an oxygen-containing metal compound to produce carboxylate salt gas of a metal of the metal compound. The method then supplies the carboxylate salt gas of the metal onto a substrate. The method applies energy to the substrate to decompose the carboxylate salt of the metal supplied onto the substrate, thereby forming a metal film.

Lipid acyltransferases   (Soe, J.B., et al., Danisco A/S, US8030044, October 4, 2011).

The present invention relates to a method of producing a variant lipid acyltransferase enzyme by selecting a parent enzyme that is a lipid acyltransferase enzyme having the amino acid sequence motif GDSX; modifying one or more amino acids to produce a variant lipid acyltransferase; testing the variant lipid acyltransferase for activity on a galactolipid substrate, a phospholipid substrate, and/or a triglyceride substrate; selecting a variant enzyme with an enhanced activity toward galactolipids compared with the parent enzyme; and/or preparing a quantity of the variant enzyme. In some embodiments, the variant lipid acyltransferase enzyme may include the amino acid sequence motif GDSX, wherein X is one or more of the following amino acid residues: L, A, V, I, F, Y, X, Q, T, N, M, or S, and wherein the variant enzyme has one or more amino acid modifications compared with a parent sequence.

Method for production of pearlescent composition comprising a fatty acid glycol ester mixture   (Hosoya, S., et al., Kao Corp., US8030266, October 4, 2011).

A method for producing a pearly luster composition containing pearly luster particles (A) containing a fatty acid glycol ester (a1) and a fatty acid glycol ester (a2) having a melting point higher than the melting point of the fatty acid glycol ester (a1), and a surfactant (B), wherein the method includes the steps of: (i) solubilizing the fatty acid glycol ester (a2) in the presence of the surfactant (B); (ii) mixing the solubilized solution obtained in step (i) with a molten fatty acid glycol ester (a1) to emulsify the mixture; and (iii) cooling the emulsified mixture obtained in step (ii), to precipitate the pearly luster particles (A); a pearly luster composition obtained by the method; and a shampoo containing the pearly luster composition. The pearly luster composition obtained by the present invention is suitably used for shampoos, conditioners, body shampoos, liquid detergents, and the like.

Natural marine source phospholipids comprising polyunsaturated fatty acids and their applications   (Sampalis, F., Neptune Technologies & Bioressources, Inc., US8030348, October 4, 2011).

A phospholipid extract from a marine or aquatic biomass possesses therapeutic properties. The phospholipid extract comprises a variety of phospholipids, fatty acid, metals, and a novel flavonoid.

Biodiesel production method   (Martin, A., et al., B&P Process Equipment and Systems, LLC, US8030505, October 4, 2011).

A process for producing lower alkyl esters of higher fatty acids from an oil phase and lower alcohols, in a catalytic transesterification process in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. A reaction mixture is provided by mixing oil-phase fatty acids with a solution comprising methanol and an alkaline catalyst comprising sodium methylate. The transesterification reaction of the reaction mixture is accelerated by subjecting the reaction mixture to a temperature above the boiling point of methanol and pressurizing the reaction mixture sufficiently to prevent boil-off. A centrifugal separator separates glycerin phase from biodiesel phase of a resulting reaction product stream. The biodiesel phase is washed by countercurrent extraction.

Process for the production of biodiesel   (Portilho, M.deF.., et al., Petroleo Brasileiro SA-Petrobras, US8034130, October 11, 2011).

The present invention relates to production of biodiesel by means of protonated lamellar titanate catalysts in nanostructured form; said forms can comprise nanotubes, nanofibers, or nanosheets.

Polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing oil product and uses and production thereof   (Abril, J.R., Martek Biosciences Corp., US8034391, October 11, 2011).

The present invention includes a solid fat composition that includes an oil having saturated fat and a microbial oil having a long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) and an emulsifier. In particular, the solid fat composition can have high levels of LC-PUFA and low amounts of emulsifiers. In preferred embodiments, the polyunsaturated oil is an unwinterized microbial oil. The invention also relates to methods for making such compositions and food, nutritional, and pharmaceutical products comprising said compositions. The present invention also includes a microbial oil product prepared by extracting an oil-containing fraction comprising at least one LC-PUFA from a microbial biomass, and treating the fraction by a process of vacuum evaporation, wherein the oil product has not been subject to one or more of a solvent winterization step, a caustic refining process, a chill filtration process, or a bleaching process.

Oil-in-water type emulsion   (Ichiyama, H., and H. Hidaka, Fuji Oil Co., Ltd., US8034392, October 11, 2011).

The present invention provides an oil-in-water type emulsion for light-exposed food. The emulsion has photodegradation-resistance, good taste, and is less prone to deterioration (such as off-taste and off-flavor) when exposed to irradiating light. The first embodiment is an oil-in-water emulsion for light-exposed food containing fat and nonfat milk solids, wherein the fat comprises at least 40% lauric acid plus palmitic acid, and the total amount of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid is not more than 50%, and the total amount of linoleic acid and linolenic acid is not more than 5%; and the ratio of milk fat/total fat is not more than 0.95. The second embodiment thereof is a nonfat milk solid-containing oil-in-water type emulsion for light-exposed food, which is the same as the emulsion of the first embodiment and the fat is non-milk fat having the above constituent fatty acid composition.

Nitrilases and methods for making and using them   (Madden, M., et al., Verenium Corp., US8034595, October 11, 2011).

The invention provides nitrilases and methods for making and using them, and in one aspect, provides methods for producing enantiomerically pure α-substituted carboxylic acids, such as α-amino acids and α-hydroxy acids. In one aspect, methods of the invention combine an aldehyde or ketone with a cyanide and ammonia or an ammonium salt or an amine, in the presence of a nitrilase or a polypeptide having nitrilase activity, to stereoselectively hydrolyze the amino nitrile or cyanohydrin intermediate under conditions sufficient to produce the carboxylic acid.

Rubber compositions containing an oil blend of a petroleum oil and a biobased oil and methods of making the same  (Flanigan, C.M., and C. Perry, Ford Global Technologies, LLC, US8034859, October 11, 2011).

A rubber composition is provided comprising rubber, an oil blend of a petroleum oil, and a biobased oil, the biobased oil being nonhydroxyl-functionalized, hydroxyl-functionalized, or combinations thereof; and a filler. In certain instances the biobased oil includes a soy oil. In certain other instances the soy oil is hydroxyl-functionalized having a hydroxyl number of from 10 to 350 KOH/g, 40 to 150 KOH/g, or 25 to 200 KOH/g. Molding the rubber composition to form a rubber article is also provided.

Process for refining fats and oils  (Ng, D., Alfa Laval Corp. AB, US8034963, October 11, 2011).

The present invention relates to a process for cooling fatty acid distillate from scrubbing section in a fats and oils refinery comprising cooling the fatty acid distillate by heat recovery in at least one heat-exchanging zone with refined oils having a temperature above about 50°C and heating the refined fats and oils to a temperature above about 70°C. The present invention relates further to a process for refining crude fats and oils and refining plant for refining crude fats and oils.

Methods and apparatus for forming contoured edible pieces  (Suttle, J.M., et al., Mars Inc., US8037813, October 18, 2011).

A method for forming thin edible pieces uses two continuous belts that cooperate to form a fill cavity. An edible mass, such as chocolate, flows into the fill cavity, where it forms an edible blank which is transported on a belt path with the two belts moving in tandem. After the edible blank is released from the first or second continuous belt, a three-dimensional shape may be imparted to the edible blank at a forming station using one or more stamping dies or a forming drum. Novel edible products and particularly novel chocolate products can be made with shapes that cannot be obtained using known molding or forming techniques.

Hydrophilic polyolefin materials and method of producing same  (Bornemann, S., et al., Fiberweb Corovin GmbH, US8038725, October 18, 2011).

The invention relates to polyolefin materials, in particular fibers, filaments, nonwovens, and/or nonwoven products made from at least one polyolefin and a melt additive containing a fatty acid ester, wherein a subsequent activation of the fatty acid ester contained in the melt additive occurs on the surface of the polyolefin materials by applying a formulation, which contains a silicone compound and a quaternary ammonium compound.

Hair conditioning compositions  (Murray, A.M., et al., Conopco, Inc., US8038989, October 18, 2011).

The invention provides a hair conditioning composition comprising an aqueous carrier, a lamellar gel phase formed from cationic surfactant and fatty material, and a rheology modifier for the lamellar gel phase, which comprises a fatty acid and a water-soluble nonionic polymer of alkylene oxide of the general formula: H(OCH₂CHR)_nOH in which R is: H, methyl, or mixtures thereof, and n has an average value of at least 150. Compositions of the invention provide a superior viscosity profile.

Microwaveable popcorn and methods of making  (Abril, J.R., and T. Fort, Martek Biosciences Corp., US8039030, October 18, 2011).

Microwaveable popcorn compositions, products, and methods of making the same are disclosed. The composition includes unpopped popcorn kernels, an oil comprising at least one omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC PUFA), and an oil that is solid at about 20°C. The oil comprising at least one omega-3 LC PUFA can include a microbial oil prepared by extraction with isopropanol and water in the absence of winterization.

Lipase inhibiting composition  (Maeder, K., et al., Hoffman La Roche Inc., US8039508, October 18, 2011).

Pharmaceutical compositions that contain a lipase inhibitor having a melting point of about 37°C; a sucrose fatty acid ester, wherein the sucrose fatty acid ester is a mono-. di-, tri-, or tetra-ester; and optionally one or more pharmaceutically acceptable, are useful for treatment of obesity.

Targeting of long chain triacylglycerol hydrolase gene for tuberculosis treatment  (Kolattukudy, P.E., et al., University of Central Florida Research Foundation Inc., US8039605, October 18, 2011).

Disclosed herein are novel methods for screening for compounds useful in treating or preventing tuberculosis (TB). In exemplary embodiments, screening methods are based on the implementation or manipulation of triacylglycerol hydrolase-like polypeptides or polynucleotides encoding the same. The methods are useful in identifying agents active against TB infection.

Methods and apparatus for removal of degradation byproducts and contaminants from oil for use in preparation of biodiesel  (Soane, D., et al., Soane Energy, LLC, US8039653, October 18, 2011).

Methods, particles, and devices are disclosed for filtration of oil for use of the oil in the preparation of biodiesel. Disclosed particles may comprise a substantially inert porous particle with a coating comprising a polymer having amine, amino, and/or imine group(s).

Esterification reaction product, gelling agent containing the product, and cosmetic preparation containing them  (Mori, H., Nisshin OilliO Group Ltd., US8039654, October 18, 2011).

Disclosed is an esterification reaction product which is capable of gelling both an oil agent and a cyclic silicone or a volatile dimethylpolysiloxane, or both an oil agent and a nonvolatile dimethylpolysiloxane. Also disclosed are a gelling agent contacting the esterification reaction product, and a cosmetic preparation containing the esterification reaction product or the gelling product and having an excellent feeling in use. Specifically, the cosmetic preparation contains an esterification reaction product as a gelling agent that is obtained by esterifying a component A that is a polyhydric alcohol or a condensate thereof, a component B that is a saturated dibasic acid having 10–28 carbon atoms, a component C that is a linear saturated fatty acid having 16–28 carbon atoms, and a component D that is a branched saturated fatty acid having 8–28 carbon atoms at a blending ratio (component A/component B) of 1.0 mole:0.10–0.20 mole.

Production of aviation fuel from renewable feedstocks  (McCall, M.J., et al., UOP LLC, US8039682, October 18, 2011).

A hydrocarbon product stream having hydrocarbons with boiling points in the aviation fuel range is produced from renewable feedstocks such as plant and animal oils. The process involves treating a renewable feedstock by hydrogenating, deoxygenating, isomerization, and selectively hydrocracking the feedstock to produce paraffinic hydrocarbons having from about 9 to about 16 carbon atoms and a high iso/normal ratio in a single reaction zone containing a multifunctional catalyst, or set of catalysts, having hydrogenation, deoxygenation, isomerization, and selective hydrocracking functions.

Edible fat and oil, process of producing the same, and chocolate containing fat and oil composition  (Akahane, A., and Y. Hatano, Nisshin OilliO Group, Ltd., US8043649, October 25, 2011).

Edible fat and oil that can improve blooming resistance and chocolate having better blooming resistance than that of conventional chocolate are disclosed. The invention discloses edible fat and oil obtained by transesterification reaction or esterification reaction and satisfying the following requirements: (i) iodine value: 15 to 29; (ii) amount of trans fatty acids in the constituent fatty acids: 16–29% by mass; (iii) amount of lauric acid in the constituent fatty acids: 13–28% by mass; and (iv) total amount of oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid in the constituent fatty acids: less than 10% by mass.

Metalworking oil composition, metalworking method, and metalwork  (Goto, K., et al., Kyodo Yushi Co., Ltd., US8044004, October 25, 2011).

The invention provides a metalworking oil composition comprising a base oil selected from the group consisting of natural fats and oils, derivatives thereof, and synthetic ester oils; and an antirust agent comprising a sorbitan fatty acid ester and a phospholipid. The oil composition shows excellent lubricity and antirust property and is suitably used for metalworking of metallic materials such as cast iron, steel, stainless steel, and nonferrous metal (such as Al alloy and Mg alloy) by a method in which a very small amount of oil is supplied.

Saponified fatty acids as viscosity modifiers for viscoelastic surfactant-gelled fluids  (Crews, J.B., Baker Hughes Inc., US8044106, October 25, 2011).

Fluids viscosified with viscoelastic surfactants (VES) may have their viscosities affected (increased or reduced) by the indirect or direct action of a composition that contains at least one fatty acid that has been affected, modified, or reacted with an alkali metal halide salt, an alkaline earth metal halide salt, and/or an ammonium salt and a water-soluble base. The composition containing the resulting saponification product is believed to either act as a co-surfactant with the VES itself to increase viscosity and/or possibly by disaggregating or otherwise affecting the micellar structure of the VES-gelled fluid. In a nonlimiting instance, a brine fluid gelled with an amine oxide surfactant has its viscosity broken with a composition containing naturally-occurring fatty acids in canola oil reacted with a water-soluble base such as NaOH, KOH, NH₄OH and the like, with an alkali halide salt such as CaCl₂, MgCl₂, NaCl, NH₄Cl, and the like.

Preparation process of oil extended rubber for tire, oil extended rubber for tire, and rubber composition and tire using the same  (Sakaki, T., et al., Sumitomo Rubber Idustries, Ltd., US8044118, October 25, 2011).

The present invention provides a process for preparing an oil extended rubber comprising (i) a step of preparing an oil-in-water type emulsion by emulsifying a vegetable oil having an iodine value of not less than 135 with a surfactant; (ii) a step of mixing said emulsion and a modified natural rubber latex, and then aging the mixture; and (iii) a step of coagulating the mixture obtained in the step (ii) to obtain an oil extended rubber suitable for tires.

Process for preparing vinyl carboxylates  (Staffel, W., et al. BASF AG, US8044233, October 25, 2011).

The present invention relates to a process for preparing vinyl carboxylates, wherein a carboxylic acid is reacted with an alkyne compound in the presence of a catalyst, which is selected from carbonyl complexes, halides, and oxides of rhenium, of manganese, of tungsten, of molybdenum, of chromium, and of iron and rhenium metal at a temperature of not more than 300°C. The process gives the desired vinyl esters with high yield.

Rapid fatty acid assay for use in pulp pitch control  (Jiang, C., et al., Enzymatic Deinking Technologies LLC, US8048262, November 1, 2011).

Methods are provided for determining the surface fatty acid content in a wood pulp or whitewater sample. The methods comprise reacting free fatty acids that are present on the surface of the wood pulp fibers in the sample or in the whitewater with one or more reagents to form a measurable species, and determining the fatty acid content from the quantitative measurement of the measurable species.

Extracts from Chlorella  (Hsieh, H.-P., et al., International Chorella Co., Ltd., US8048426, November 1, 2011).

An invention relates to an extract of Chlorella sorokiniana, which contains myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and stearic acid. Also related is use of this extract to treat diabetes obesity and dyslipidemia.

Process for production of highly enriched fractions of natural compounds from palm oil with supercritical and near critical fluids  (Brunner, G., et al., Carotech SD. Bhd., US8048462, November 1, 2011).

Palm oil tocochromanols, carotenoids, phytosterols, and others are concentrated. Fractions derived from crude palm oil already enriched to some extent in tocochromanols, carotenoids, phytosterols, and others are treated by supercritical fluid technology by countercurrent separation with selective adsorption and desorption using supercritical fluids.