Trivial names of fatty acids-Part 1

The Author: Dr. Albert J. Dijkstra

Introduction

In the late 1990s, Rich O. Adlof and Professor Frank D. Gunstone prepared an alphabetical list of English trivial names of fatty acids. They also included the structure of these fatty acids in this list and indicated their sources. Now the need has been felt to overhaul this list, explain the shorthand notation system, which is commonly used but has never been formally described, and also include systematic names in accordance with the IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, and especially to make it multilingual.

This has been done in two ways. For Japanese and Russian, the translations of the English names have been included in a table (Part 2, Table 3). Professor Masanori Arita of the National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan, took care of the Japanese names by transcribing the English names into Japanese scripts (Katakana, Hiragana and Kanji). Dr Maria L. Domoroshchenkova of the All-Russia Scientific Research Institute of Fats, St Petersburg, saw to the Russian names by looking up what Russian names existed. Their valuable contributions are hereby warmly acknowledged.

For several Western European languages, I compiled sets of transcription rules that allow English names to be converted into local names. N.B. The English verb ‘to compile’ is derived from the Latin verb compilare meaning to plunder or plagiarize, so that is what I have done. Accordingly, these transcription rules allow chemists to arrive at ‘novel’ trivial names in their own language and thus enjoy the ease of communication that English-speaking chemists enjoy without them realising their privilege.

Because the transcription rules are published as a website, other languages can be included at a later stage. So if a Swede or Turk wants to help his/her fellow countrymen by providing them with names in their language, he/she can do what I did for the languages included so far. See what trivial names already exist, look for a pattern, design some provisional translation rules, check these with the existing names and decide which existing names are to be treated as exceptions.

So I studied lists of trivial names in the various languages concerned. Dr Carmen Dobarganes, recently retired from the Oils & Fats Institute of the University of Seville provided me with a list of Spanish names, Dr Suzana Ferreira-Dias of the School of Agriculture of the University of Lisbon provided a list of Portuguese names and Professor Lanfranco Conte of the Department of Food Science of the University of Udine, saw to the Italian names. In addition, they commented on my proposed translation rules. For the German translation rules I made extensive use of the “Seed oil fatty acids” database sent to me in pdf-format by Dr. Bertrand Matthäus of the Max Rubner Institut, Detmold. I greatly appreciate the help and the interest they have taken in my work; it has been a valuable and essential support. I am also most grateful for the comments and suggestions for improvement my draft versions have received. Without them, there would have been more omissions and typing errors.

Shorthand notation of fatty acids

Articles dealing with lipids commonly use a shorthand notation. Like trivial names, they save space and contribute to rapid understanding. For instance, “18:0” (formerly C18:0”) stands for stearic acid, first briefly legitimized nearly 50 years ago but never expanded beyond a common range of fatty acids (www.jlr.org/content/8/5/523.full.pdf+html). So it is high time to do something about it and this list of trivial names of fatty acids provides an excellent opportunity to provide a set of rules to arrive at a shorthand notation. In fact, I made an earlier attempt (Corps Gras, Doc. K 330v2, Éditions Techniques de l’Ingénieur, Paris, 2013) based on how Adlof and Gunstone arrived at their shorthand notations.

The present rules incorporate several improvements nearly all of which have been suggested by Dr Bill Christie. Spaces that were prescribed in the earlier version of the shorthand notation rules have been replaced by commas. This has the advantage that if the name is too long for a line and has to be split into two, it will now be split at hyphens rather than at the space. Accordingly, the hyphens can be maintained when the two parts are rejoined.

If the rules listed below are insufficiently clear or raise questions, looking at examples in Table 1 below may provide the answer.

1. Each shorthand notation of monobasic fatty acids ends with two numbers that are separated by a colon.
  The first number indicates how many carbon atoms the straight fatty acid chain contains. The second number indicates how many non-single bonds are present in this chain.
  1.1. So palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid with a chain of sixteen carbon atoms is written as: 16:0
  1.2. Linolenic acid, an unsaturated fatty acids with three double bonds and a chain length of eighteen carbon atoms becomes: 18:3
2. The number of non-single bonds is the sum of double and triple (acetylenic) bonds.
  2.1.

 Accordingly, ‘crepenynic acid’, (9Z)-octadecen-12-ynoic acid, a fatty acid with a carbon chain of eighteen atoms, which contains a double bond at the 9-position and a triple bond at the 12-position will end in: 18:2
3. Punctuation marks inside the shorthand notation are used as follows:
  3.1. There are no spaces inside the shorthand notation.
  3.2.

 The only place where a colon is used is between the number indicating the number of carbon atoms in the straight fatty acid chain and the number of non-single double bonds.
    3.2.1.  ‘Lauric acid’ is written as 12:0.
  3.3. A comma is used to separate numbers and to separate groups of substituents or substituents from the non-single bond descriptors.
    3.3.1.  An example showing a comma separating two numbers is provided by ‘ipurolic acid’, 3,11 Dihydroxytetradecanoic acid, which has the following shorthand notation: 3,11-diOH-14:0.
    3.3.2.  An example showing group separation is provided by a fatty acid containing for instance both hydroxyl groups and methyl groups such as acetonic acid, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid, which becomes: 2-OH,2-Me-3:0
    3.3.3.  An example of a fatty acid that contains a group of substituents and non-single double bonds by coriolic acid, (9Z,11E)-13-Hydroxy-octadeca-9,11-dienoic acid, the shorthand notation of which is 13-OH,9c11t-18:2, also shows the use of a comma to separate position numbers.
  3.4.

 A hyphen is used between what precedes the number indicating the fatty acid chain length and this number and between the number or numbers indicating the position of substituent groups and the symbol indicating the kind of groups.
    3.4.1.  So oleic acid becomes 9c-18:1
    3.4.2.  The acetonic acid 2-OH,2-Me-3:0 mentioned earlier also illustrates the use of the hyphen
  3.5.

 Alcharnoic acid ((Z)-14,15 epoxy-11-icosenoic acid) has an epoxy group with a cis configuration. This can be indicated in the shorthand notation by a ‘c’ before the position numbers concerned and a hyphen in between c-14,15-ep,11c-20:1
  3.6. A hyphen is also used for diacids to separate this descriptor from the number of non-single bonds.
    3.6.1.  Adipic acid is therefore 6:0-diacid
4.

 Just as in systematic names, the positions of the double bonds are indicated by the numbers of the carbon atoms at which they start, whereby the carbon atom of the carboxyl group has number 1.
  If the fatty acid contains more than one non-single bond, the list starts with the lowest carbon number.
  4.1. An example of a fatty acid with more than one double bond is for instance linolenic acid: 9c12c15c-18:3.
5.

 The configurations of the double bonds are indicated by the position of the double bond followed by the letter c if it has a cis-configuration or the letter t if it has a trans-configuration.
  The use of c and t is preferred to the use of the suffixes Z and E as used in the systematic names because these letters are pronounced rather differently in different languages. The Z is pronounced ‘zed’ in UK-English but as ‘zee’ in US-English, whereas in German, it is pronounced as ‘tset’. There is no need to write the c or t in italics for this purpose; this saves typing effort.
  5.1. So oleic acid becomes: 9c-18:1 and its trans-isomer, elaidic acid, becomes: 9t-18:1.
6.

 Terminal double bonds and the double bond linking an alkylidene group (this is an alkyl group linked from a secondary carbon atom by a double bond) to the terminal atom of the fatty acid carbon chain, which double bonds are neither cis or trans are indicated by e
  6.1. Undecylenic acid (10-undecenoic acid), which has a terminal double bond, has the following shorthand notation: 10e-11:1.
7. Triple bonds are indicated by a.
  7.1. Tariric acid (6-octadecynoic acid) becomes: 6a-18:1.
8.

 There are no punctuation marks between the groups consisting of position number and configuration, but when the configuration is not indicated, a comma separates the position numbers; a hyphen is inserted between the last of these groups and the number indicating the fatty acid chain length.
  8.1.

 The trivial name dehydromatricaric acid (2-Decen-4,6,8 triynoic acid) applies to both the cis and the trans isomers. Its shorthand notation is therefore: 2,4a6a8a-10:4.
9. The presence of a hydroxyl group is indicated by the position of this group followed by a hyphen and OH.
  Like the non-single bond descriptors, the information concerning the hydroxyl group is separated from the number indicating the fatty acid chain length by a hyphen. If deemed to be necessary, stereodescriptor (R or S) can be written after this number.
  9.1. Accordingly, jalapinolic acid, (11S)-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, is written as 11-OH-16:0 or 11S-OH-16:0.
10. The presence of two or more hydroxyl groups is indicated by diOH, triOH etc., preceded by the numbers of their positions separated by commas.
  10.1. So aleuritic acid, 9,10,16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid becomes: 9,10,16-triOH-16:0.
11.

 If the fatty acid also contains double or acetylenic bonds, these are mentioned after the hydroxyl groups and before the number indicating the fatty acid chain length; they are separated by a comma.
  11.1.

 Therefore, ricinoleic acid, (9Z,12R)-12-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid, has the following shorthand notations: 12-OH,9c-18:1 or 12R-OH,9c-18:1
12. Methyl groups that are attached to the fatty acid carbon chain are indicated by Me, diMe, triMe, etc.
  These are preceded by the number or numbers of their position, where necessary separated by a comma and connected by a hyphen. Like the hydroxyl groups they are written before the description of the non-single double bonds, which number can be zero.
  12.1.

 Accordingly, geranic acid, (2E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dienoic acid, has the following shorthand notation: 3,7-diMe,2t6e-8:2. I have chosen this example because it also illustrates the use of the double bond descriptor e.
13.

 When both hydroxyl and methyl substituents are present, their alphabetical order is maintained so that the hydroxyl groups are listed first (H < M). Then, separated by a comma, the methyl groups are listed and followed by a hyphen and the number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid chain.
  13.1. So acetonic acid, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoic acid becomes: 2-OH,2-Me-3:0.
14.

 The only diacids listed in the Tables are α,ω diacids. Their shorthand notation includes the suffix diacid that is separated by a hyphen from the number indicating the number of non-single double bonds.
  14.1. Accordingly, succinic acid (butanedioic acid) becomes: 4:0-diacid.
  14.2 And an unsaturated diacid such as citraconic acid ((Z)-2-Methyl-2-butene-dioic acid) becomes 2-Me,2c-4:1-diacid.

In addition to double bonds, acetylenic bonds, hydroxyl groups, methyl groups, and terminal carboxyl groups, fatty acids may contain other functional groups. They are far less common so it is an open question whether or not they have to be included in the shorthand rules. Since they were in the original system used by Adlof and Gunstone, they are shortly discussed below:

15. The symbol Cp stands for a cyclopentenyl group.
  For alphabetical reasons, it precedes the hydroxyl groups if present. As with the previous substituents, their position precedes the substituent and there is a hyphen between the two. If a further substituent is listed, a comma is inserted. The position of the double bond in the cyclopentene ring is not specified.
  15.1. Accordingly, hydnocarpic acid, 11-(2-Cyclopent-1-yl)-undecanoic acid becomes: 11-Cp-11:0.
  15.2.

 And gorlic acid, (Z)-13-(2-Cyclopent-1-yl)-6-tridecenoic acid, chosen as an example to illustrate the use of this comma has the following shorthand notation: 13-Cp,6c-13:1.
16.

 The symbol P stands for a cyclopropane or cyclopropene group. The symbol is preceded by the numbers of the carbon atoms that form part of this group as in malvalic acid: 8,9-P,8c-17:1. The systematic name of this acid is: 8,9-methylene-8-heptadecenoic acid.
17.

 The symbol oxo indicates the presence of a keto-group at the indicated position. The position precedes the word “oxo” and a hyphen separates them.
  17.1. So lactarinic acid is written as 6-oxo-18:0. In the shorthand notation, oxo comes after methyl.
18. The oxa symbol indicates an ether linkage at the position indicated.
  But whereas in the systematic name of ‘colnoleic acid’ (9-(nona-1,3-dienyloxy)-8-nonenoic acid), the two carbon chains are numbered individually, in the shorthand notation, this acid is treated as an 18:3 with an ether link with the numbers continuing along the oxygen-interrupted chain.
  18.1. Accordingly, colnoleic acid becomes: 9-oxa,8t10t12c-18:3.
19. The symbol ep stands for an epoxide bridging the two carbon atoms indicated by their numbers.
  19.1.

 So coronaric acid, (Z)-9,10-epoxy-12-octadecenoic acid, becomes c-9,10-ep,12c-18:1, where the c indicates the stereochemistry of the carbon atoms forming the epoxide. Again just ‘c’ rather than cis.

 

Systematic names of fatty acids

Systematic names of chemical compounds can be arrived at by applying the rules issued by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) but in practice, this is less straightforward than it sounds. When working on the list and trying to arrive at their systematic names, I have consulted the “Seed oil fatty acids” database sent to me in pdf-format by Dr. Bertrand Matthäus, Max Rubner Institut, Detmold, and the Chemspider website, the free chemical database operated by the Royal Society of Chemistry. By comparing the names for the same compounds in these databases, I saw that their approaches to systematic chemical names differed. In fact, the German database provided three alternatives for linoleic acid: Z,Z-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, Octadeca-9c,12c-dienoic acid and 9c,12c-Octadecadienoic acid, whereas Chemspider gave: (9Z,12Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid. Another website also puts the carbon numbers and the conformational descriptor in front of the name: 9Z,12Z-octadeca­dienoic acid. It turns out that none of these names is correct.

I therefore consulted the Dutch version of the IUPAC Nomenclature. Section E (Stereochemistry) has an example: (2E,4Z)-Hexa-2,4-dieenzuur that shows that the conformational descriptors: E (trans) and Z (cis), are in italics and placed at the front of the name with the carbon atom numbers to which the double bond refers before them and that the numbers are repeated before the indication how many double bonds there are; in this example before the ‘‑dienoic’. So the correct way turns out to be: (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid.

On an earlier page of this book, the example: (Z)-2-Methyl-2-buteenzuur (angelic acid) shows that if there is only one double bond, the carbon atom number is omitted before the conformational descriptor and placed before the name indicating the chain length. So according to IUPAC rules, oleic acid becomes: (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid. The example also illustrates that the conformational descriptor is positioned right in front of the systematic name. And this is how I arrived at names in the original version of the table on this website.

However, the books on nomenclature I had used turned out to superseded. As pointed out to me by Dr Ursula Bünzli-Trepp, the IUPAC rules had changed in 2013: now the carbon atom number in the monounsaturated fatty acid is no longer omitted before its conformational descriptor and it is no longer placed before the name indicating the chain length. This change brought the monounsaturated fatty acids in line with the polyunsaturated ones. So ‘oleic acid’ was no longer ‘(Z)-9-octadecenoic acid’ but had become ‘(9Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid’, cf. the systematic name of ‘linoleic acid’: ‘(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid’.

I therefore decided to update the list and I am most grateful to Dr Bünzli, who kindly edited my efforts and while doing so, spotted several mistakes. She changed my ‘8,9-methyleneheptadecanoic acid’ (dihydromalvalic acid) to ‘7-(2-octylcyclopropyl)­heptanoic acid’, she pointed out that stereodescriptors should be listed in order of increasing locants. So my ‘(10E,15Z,9R,12R,13R)-trihydroxyoctadeca-10,15-dienoic acid’ (fulgidic acid) became (9R,10E,12R,13R,15Z)-9,12,13‑trihydroxyoctadeca-10,15‑dienoic acid’.

The systematic names listed in Table 1 are the so-called Preferred IUPAC Names (PIN). However, there is another nomenclature system that is used by Chemical Abstracts (CA) and is therefore more common in the US. In the CA-system, the locant in monounsaturated fatty acids remains before the name but it is preceded by the conformational descriptor. So for oleic acid we have:

  • Old IUPAC:                           (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid
  • New IUPAC (PIN)                (9Z)-octadec-9-enoic acid
  • Chemical Abstracts (CA)    (9Z)‑9-octa­decenoic acid

There are some further differences between the IUPAC system and the CA system, such as for instance:

  • To indicate a chain length of twenty atoms, the IUPAC system uses ‘icosa’ whereas the CA system uses ‘eicosa.
  • The CA system uses conjunctive names for a (saturated) hydrocarbon-chain component with a principal group attached to a ring component (less enclosing marks). So ‘alepramic acid’ becomes ‘2-cyclopentene-1-propanoic acid’ in the CA system whereas its PIN is ‘3‑(cyclopent-2-en-1-yl)propanoic acid’.
  • The way the stereogenic axes of allenes are expressed also differs between the two systems. The IUPAC system indicates this by a subscripted ‘a’ Ra and Sawhere the CA system writes R and S.

Both systems have retained several trivial names like ‘butyric acid’, ‘palmitic acid’, ‘adipic acid’ etc. In Table 1 below, the systematic names of the acids that kept their trivial names have been put between parentheses: ‘(oleic acid)’.

Table 1
Common name (acid) Structure Systematic name
Acetic 2:0 (etha­noic acid)
Acetonic 2-OH,2-Me-3:0 2‑hydroxy-2‑methyl­propa­noic acid
Acrylic 2e-3:1 (prop-2-enoic acid)
Adipic 6:0-diacid (hexane­dioic acid)
Adrenic 7c10c13c16c-22:4 (7Z,10Z,­13Z,­16Z)-docosa-7,10,13,16‑tetra­enoic acid
Aethalic see palmitic  
Agonandoic 9a11t-18:2 (11E)‑octa­dec-11-en-9‑ynoic acid
Agonandric 8-OH,9a11t-18:2 (11E)‑8‑hy­droxy-octa­dec-11-en-9‑ynoic acid
Ajenoic 3c5c7c9c11e-12:5 (3Z,5Z,­7Z,­9Z.)‑do­deca-3,5,7,9,11‑penta­enoic acid
Alchornoic c-14,15-ep,11c-20:1 (11Z)-13-[(2S,3R)-3-pentyloxiran-2-yl]tridec-11-enoic acid
Alepraic see alepramic  
Alepramic 3-Cp-3:0 3‑(cyclo­pent-2-en-1-yl)-propa­noic acid
Aleprestic 5-Cp-5:0 5‑(cyclo­pent-2-en-1-yl)-penta­noic acid
Alepric 9-Cp-9:0 9‑(cyclo­pent-2-en-1-yl)-nona­noic acid
Aleprolic 1-Cp-1:0 (cyclo­pent-2-en-1-yl)-carboxylic acid
Aleprylic 7-Cp-7:0 7‑(cyclo­pent-2-en-1-yl)-hepta­noic acid
Aleuritic 9,10,16-triOH-16:0 9,10,16‑tri­hydroxy­hexa­deca­noic acid
Aleutiric 9,10,18-triOH-18:0 9,10,18‑tri­hydroxy­octa­deca­noic acid
Alvaradoic 6a17e-18:2 octa­dec-17-en-6‑ynoic acid
Alvaradonic 8a17e-18:2 octa­dec-17-en-8-ynoic acid
Ambrettolic 16-OH,7t-16:1 (7E)‑16‑hydroxyhexadec-7-enoic acid
Anacyclic 2t4t8a10a-14:4 (2E,4E)‑tetra­deca-2,4‑diene-8,10‑diynoic acid
Angelic 2-Me,2c-4:1 (2Z)‑2‑methyl-but­2-enoic acid
Anteisoheptadecanoic 14Me-16:0 14‑methyl­hexa­deca­noic acid
Anteisohexa­decanoic 13Me-15:0 13-methylpentadecanoic acid
Anteisonona­decanoic 16Me-18:0 16‑methyl­octa­deca­noic acid
Anteisononanoic see isopelargonic  
Anteisopenta­decanoic see sarcinic  
Anteisotri­decanoic 10Me-12:0 10‑methyl­do­deca­noic acid
Apionic 2,3,4,4-tetraOH-5:0 2,3,4,4‑tetra­hydroxy­penta­noic acid
Aquilegic see columbinic  
Arachidic 20:0 Icosa­noic acid
Arachidonic 5c8c11c14c-20:4 (5Z,8Z,­11Z,­14Z)‑icosa-5,8,11,14‑tetra­enoic acid
Argemonic See Argenonic  
Argenonic 6-OH,6-Me,9-oxo-28:0 6‑hydroxy-6‑methyl-9‑oxo­octa­cosa­noic acid
α-Artemisolic see coriolic  
Asclepic 11c-18:1 (11Z)-octa­dec-11-enoic acid
Athanacalvic 9-OH,9t16c12a14a-18:4 (9E,16Z)‑9‑hydroxy­octa­deca-9,16‑diene-12,14‑di­ynoic acid
Auricolic 14-OH,11c17c-20:2 (11Z,17Z)‑14‑hydroxy­icosa-11,17‑di­enoic acid
Avenoleic 15(R)-OH,9c12c-18:2 (9Z,12Z,­15R)‑15‑hydroxy­octa­deca-9,12‑di­enoic acid
Axillarenic (Axillaric) 11,13-diOH,9c-24:1 (9Z)‑11,13‑di­hydroxy­tetra­cos-9-enoic acid
Azelaic 9:0-diacid (nonane­dioic acid)
Behenic 22:0 docosa­noic acid
Behenolic 13a-22:0 docos-13‑ynoic acid
Bishomocolumbinic 7c11c14t-20:3 (7Z,11Z,­14E)‑icosa-7,11,14‑tri­enoic acid
Bishomo-α-linolenic See dihomolinolenic  
Bishomo-γ-linolenic 8c11c14c-20:3 (8Z,11Z,­14Z)‑icosa-8,11,14‑tri­enoic acid
Bishomopinolenic 7c11c14c-20:3 (7Z,11Z,­14Z)‑icosa-7,11,14‑tri­enoic acid
Bolekic 9a11a13c-18:3 (13Z)‑octa­dec-13‑ene-9,11‑di­ynoic acid
Bolekolic 8-OH,9a11a13c-18:3 (13Z)‑8‑hydroxyocta­dec-13‑ene-9,11‑di­ynoic acid
Bosseopentaenoic 5c8c10t12t14c-20:5 (5Z,8Z,­10E,­12E,­14Z)‑icosa-5,8,10,12,14‑penta­enoic acid
Brassidic 13t-22:1 (13E)‑docos-13‑enoic acid
Bassinic see stearic  
Brassylic 13:0-diacid Tri­decane­dioic acid
Builic (jalapinolic) 11-OH-16:0 11‑hydroxy­hexa­deca­noic acid
Butolic 6-OH-14:0 6‑hydroxy_tetra­deca­noic acid
Butyric 4:0 (Buta­noic acid)
Caleic 3t9c12c-18:3 (3E,9Z,­12Z)‑octa­deca-3,9,12‑tri­enoic acid
α-Calendic 8c10c12t-18:3 (8Z.10Z,­12E)‑octa­deca-8,10,12‑tri­enoic acid
β-Calendic 8c10c12c-18:3 (8Z,10Z,­12Z)‑octa­deca-8,10,12‑tri­enoic acid
Calendulic see α-calendic  
Callosobruchusic 3,7-diMe,2c-8:1-diacid (2E)‑3,7‑di­methyloct-2‑ene­dioic acid
Calthic see podocarpic  
Capric 10:0 deca­noic acid
Caprinic see capric  
Caproic 6:0 hexa­noic acid
Caproleic 9e-10:1 dec-9‑enoic acid
Capronic see caproic  
Caprylic 8:0 octa­noic acid
Carboceric 27:0 hepta­cosa­noic acid
Carnaubic see lignoceric  
Cascarillic 3,4-P-10:0 (2-hexylcyclopropyl)acetic acid
Catalpic 9t11t13c-18:3 (9E,11E,­13Z)‑octa­deca­9,11,13‑tri­enoic acid
Catelaidic see cetelaidic  
Ceratinic see cerotic  
Cerebronic 2-OH-24:0 2‑hydroxy­tetra­cosa­noic acid
Ceric see cerotic  
Cerinic see cerotic  
Ceromelissic see psyllic  
Ceroplastic 35:0 penta­tria­conta­noic acid
Cerotic 26:0 hexa­cosa­noic acid
Cervonic see DHA  
Cetelaidic 11t-22:1 (11E)‑docos-11‑enoic acid
Cetoleic 11c-22:1 (11Z)‑docos-11‑enoic acid
Chaulmoogric 13-Cp-13:0 13‑(cyclo­pent-2-en‑1‑yl)tri­deca­noic acid
Chrysobalanic 4-oxo,9c11t13t15c-18:4 (9Z,11E,13E,15Z)-4-oxoocta­deca-9,11,13,15-tetraenoic acid
Cilienic 6c11c-18:2 (6Z,11Z)‑octa­deca-6,11‑di­enoic acid
cis-Vaccenic 11c-18:1 (11Z)‑octa­dec-11‑enoic acid
Citraconic 2-Me,2c-4:1-diacid ((2Z)‑2‑methylbut-2‑ene­dioic acid)
Citramalic 2-OH,2-Me-4:0-diacid 2‑hydroxy-2‑methyl­butane­dioic acid
Citronellic see rhodinic  
Civetic 8c-17:1 (8Z)‑hepta­dec-8‑enoic acid
CLA* conjugated 18:2 isomers  
Clupadonic 4c8c12c15c19c-22:5 (4Z,8Z,­12Z,­15Z,­19Z)‑do­cosa-4,8,12,15,19‑penta­enoic acid
Clupanodonic see DHA  
Colneleic 9-oxa,8t10t12c-18:3 (8E)-9-[(1E,3Z)-nona-1,3‑di­en-1-yl­oxy]non­-8-enoic acid
Colnelenic 9-oxa,8t10t12c15c-18:4 (8E)-9-[(1E,3Z,­6Z)-nona-1,3,6‑tri­en-1-yl­oxy]- non-8-enoic acid
Columbinic 5t9c12c-18:3 (5E,9Z,­12Z)‑octa­deca-5,9,12‑tri­enoic acid-
Coniferonic 5c9c12c15c-18:4 (5Z,9Z,­12Z,­15Z)‑octa­deca-5,9,12,15-tetra­enoic acid
Convolvulinolic (1 of 3) 3,12-diOH-16:0 3,12‑di­hydroxy­hexa­deca­noic acid
Convolvulinolic (2 of 3) 11-OH-15:0 11‑hydroxy­penta­deca­noic acid
Convolvulinolic (3 of 3) 11-OH-14:0 (11S)-11‑hydroxy­tetra­deca­noic acid
Coriolic 13-OH,9c11t-18:2 (9Z,11E,13R)‑13‑Hydroxy­octa­deca-9,11‑di­enoic acid
Coronaric cis-9,10-ep,12c-18:1 8-{(2R,3S)-3-[(2Z)-oct-2-en-1-yl]oxiran-2-yl}octanoic acid
Corticrocin 2t4t6t8t10t12t-14:6-diacid (2E,4E,­6E,­8E,­10E,­12E)‑tetra­deca-2,4,6,8,10,12‑hexa­ene­dioic acid
Corynomycolic   (2R,3R)-3‑hydroxy-2‑tetra­decyl­octa­deca­noic acid acid
Couepic see licanic  
Couepinic (Coupenic) see licanic (a)  
Crepeninic See crepenynic  
Crepenynic 9c12a-18:2 (9Z)‑octa­dec-9‑en-12‑ynoic acid
Crotonic 2t-4:1 ((2E)‑but-2‑enoic acid)
Cucurbic   {(1R,2S­,3S)‑3‑hy­droxy-2‑[(2Z)‑pent­-2-en-1-yl]­cyclo­pentyl}­acetic acid
Daturic (Daturinic) see margaric  
Dehydrocrepenynic 9c12a14c-18:3 (9Z,14Z)‑octa­deca-9,14‑di­en-12‑ynoic acid
Dehydromatricaric 2,4a6a8a-10:4 (2E)-dec-2-ene-4,6,8‑tri­ynoic acid
Demospongic C24-C34 5c9c-diene acids  
Dendrotrifidic 16-OH,9c12a14a17e-18:4 (9Z,16R)‑16‑hy­droxy­octa­deca-9,17‑diene-12,14‑di­ynoic acid
Dendryphiellic A 6-Me,2c4c-8:2 (2E,4E,­6S)‑6‑methyl­octa-2,4‑di­enoic acid
Dendryphiellic B 8-OH,6-Me,2c4c-8:2 (2E,4E,­6R)‑8‑hy­droxy-6‑methyl­octa-2,4‑di­enoic acid
Densipolic 12-OH,9c15c-18:2 (9Z,15Z,­12R)‑12‑hy­droxy­octa­deca-9,15‑di­enoic acid
Denticetic see lauroleinic  
DHA* 4c7c10c13c16c19c-22:6 (4Z,7Z,­10Z,­13Z,­16Z,­19Z)‑do­cosa-4,7,10,13,16,19‑hexa­enoic acid
Diabolic 15,16-diMe-30:0-diacid 15,16‑di­methyl­tria­contane­dioic acid)
Dicramin* 6a9c12c15c-18:4 (9Z,12Z­,15Z)‑octa­deca-9,12,15‑tri­en-6-ynoic acid
Digitoxic 3,4,5-triOH-6:0 3,4,5‑tri­hydroxy­hexa­noic acid
Dihomo-γ-linolenic 8c11c14c-20:3 (8Z,11Z,­14Z)‑ico­sa-8,11,14‑tri­enoic acid
Dihomolinoleic 11c14c-20:2 (11Z,14Z)‑ico­sa-11,14‑di­enoic acid
Dihomolinolenic 11c14c17c-20:3 (11Z,14Z,­17Z)‑ico­sa-11,14,17‑tri­enoic acid
Dihomo Mead’s 7c10c13c-22:3 (7Z,10Z,­13Z)‑do­cosa-7,10,13‑tri­enoic acid
Dihomopinolenic 7c11c14c-20:3 (7Z,11Z,­14Z)‑do­cosa-7,11,14‑tri­enoic acid
Dihomotaxoleic 7c11c-20:2 (7Z,11Z)‑ico­sa-7,11‑di­enoic acid
Dihydrofulgidic 9S,12S,13S-triOH,10t-18:1 (9S,10E, ­12S,­13S)-9,12,13‑tri­hydroxyocta­dec-10-enoic acid
Dihydromalvalic 8,9-P-18:0 7-(2-octylcyclopropyl)heptanoic acid
Dihydromalyngic 9S,12R,13S-triOH,10t-18:1 (9S,­10E,12R,­13S)-9,12,13‑tri­hydroxyocta­dec­-10‑enoic acid
Dihydrosterculic 9,10-P-19:0 8-(2-octylcyclopropyl)octanoic acid
α-Dimorphecolic 9-OH,10t12c-18:2 (10E,12Z)‑9‑hy­droxy­octa­deca-10,12‑di­enoic acid
β-Dimorphecolic 9-OH,10t12t-18:2 (10E,12E)‑9‑hy­droxy­octa­deca-10,12‑di­enoic acid
DPA* 7c10c13c16c19c-22:5 (7Z,10Z,­13Z,­16Z,­19Z)‑do­cosa-7,10,13,16,19‑penta­enoic acid
Drosophilin C* 3c5a7a10a-11:4 (3Z)‑un­dec-3‑ene-5,7,10‑tri­ynoic acid
Drosophilin D* 3c5a7a9e10e-11:5 (3Z)‑un­deca-3,9,10-tri­ene-5,7‑di­ynoic acid
Elaidic 9t-18:1 (9E)‑octa­dec-9‑enoic acid
Elaidolinolenic see linolenelaidic  
α-Eleostearic 9c11t13t-18:3 (9Z,11E,­13E)‑octa­deca-9,11,13‑tri­enoic acid
β-Eleostearic 9t11t13t-18:3 (9E,11E,­13E)‑octa­deca-9,11,13‑tri­enoic acid
Eleostearinic see eleostearic (a)  
Enanthic (enanthoic) see oenanthic  
EPA* 5c8c11c14c17c-20:5 (5Z,8Z,­11Z,­14Z,­17Z)‑ico­sa-5,8,11,14,17‑penta­enoic acid
Ephedrenic 5c11c-18:2 (5Z,11Z)‑octa­deca-5,11‑di­enoic acid
Ephedric see ephedrenic  
Equisetolic 30:0-diacid tria­contane­dioic acid
Eranthic 5c13c16c-22:3 (5Z,13Z,­16Z)‑do­cosa-5,13,16‑tri­enoic acid
Erucic 13c-22:1 (13Z)‑do­cos-13‑enoic acid
Erythrogenic see isanic  
D-Erythronic 2R,3R,4-triOH-4:0 (2R,3R)‑tri­hy­droxy­buta­noic acid
L-Erythronic 2S,3S,4-triOH-4:0 (2S,3S)‑tri­hy­droxy­buta­noic acid
Exocarpic 9a11a13t-18:3 (13E)‑octa­dec-13-ene-9,11‑di­ynoic acid
Farnesanoic   (3R,7R)-3,7,11-trimethyldodecanoic acid
Farnesenic See farnesic  
Farnesic 3,7,11-triMe,2c6c10c-12:3 (2Z,6Z)‑3,7,11‑tri­methyl­dodeca-2,6,10‑tri­enoic acid
Farnesolic see farnesic  
Farnesylic see farnesic  
Ficulinic A   (11E)‑2‑heptyl-10‑oxo-nona­dec-11‑enoic acid
Ficulinic B   (13E)‑2‑heptyl-12‑oxo-heni­cos-13‑enoic
Floionic 9,10-diOH-18:0-diacid 9,10‑di­hy­droxy­octa­decane­dioic acid
Floionolic  see aleutiric  
Fomentaric 3-Me,2,2-di18:0-4:0-diacid 3‑methyl-2,2‑diocta­decyl­butane­dioic acid
Fuconic 2,3,4,5-tetraOH-6:0 2,3,4,5‑tetra­hy­droxy­hexa­noic acid
Fulgidic 9,12,13-triOH,10t15c-18:2 (9R,10E, ­12R,­13R,15Z)-9,12,13‑tri­hy­droxy­octa­deca-10,15‑di­enoic acid
Fumaric 2t-4:1-diacid ((2E)‑but-2‑ene­dioic acid)
Furocarpic 9,12-ep,9t11t-18:2 8-(5-hexylfuran-2-yl)octanoic acid
Gadelaidic 9t-20:1 (9E)‑icos-9‑enoic acid
Gadoleic 9c-20:1 (9Z)‑icos-9‑enoic acid
Gaidic 2t-16:1 (2E)‑hexa­dec-2‑enoic acid
Galactaric 2,3,4,5-tetraOH-6:0-diacid 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexane­dioic acid
γ-Linolenic see GLA  
Gamolenic see GLA  
Geddic see gheddic  
Geranic 3,7-diMe,2t6e-8:2 (2E)‑3,7‑di­methyl­octa-2,6‑di­enoic
Gheddic 34:0 tetra­tria­conta­noic acid
Ghedoic see gheddic  
GLA* 6c9c12c-18:3 (6Z,9Z,­12Z)‑octa­deca-6,9,12‑tri­enoic acid
cis-Glutaconic 2c-5:1-diacid (2Z)‑pent-2‑ene­dioic acid
Glutamic 2-NH2 5:0-diacid (2‑amino­pentane­dioic acid)
Glutaric 5:0-diacid (pentane­dioic acid)
Glycolic 2-OH 2:0 (hydroxy­acetic acid)
Gondoic 11c-20:1 (11Z)‑icos-11‑enoic acid
Gondoleic* 9c-20:1 (9Z)‑icos-9‑enic acid
Gorlic 13-Cp,6c-13:1 (6Z)‑13‑(cyclo­pent‑2-en-1-yl)tri­dec-6‑enoic acid
Goshuyic 5c8c-14:2 (5Z,8Z)‑tetra­deca-5,8‑di­enoic acid
Halphen see malvalic  
Helenynolic 9-OH,10t12a-18:2 (9S,10E)‑9‑hy­droxyocta­dec-10-en-12‑ynoic
Hendecenoic see undecylenic  
Heptadecylic see margaric  
Hiragonic 6c10c14c-16:3 (6Z,10Z,­14Z)‑hexa­deca-6,10,14‑tri­enoic acid
Homophytanic 4,8,12,16-tetraMe-17:0 4,8,12,16‑tetra­methyl­hepta­deca­noic acid
Hormelic 15-Cp-15:0 15‑(cyclo­pent‑2-en-1‑yl)penta­deca­noic acid
Hydnocarpic 11-Cp-11:0 11‑(cyclo­pent-2-en1‑yl)un­deca­noic acid
Hydrosorbic* 3t-6:1 (3E)‑hex-3‑enoic acid
11-Hydroxycero­melissic 11-OH-33:0 11‑hy­droxy­tri­tria­conta­noic acid
Hydroxynervonic 2-OH,15c-24:1 (15Z)‑2‑hy­droxytetra­cos-15‑enoic acid
Hyenic 25:0 penta­cosa­noic acid
Hypogeic 7c-16:1 (7Z)‑hexa­dec-7‑enoic acid
Ipomic see sebacic  
Ipurolic 3,11-diOH-14:0 3,11‑di­hy­droxy­tetra­deca­noic acid
Isanic 9a11a17e-18:3 17‑octa­decene-9,11‑di­ynoic acid
Isanolic 8-OH,9a11a17e-18:3 8‑hy­droxyocta­dec-17-ene-9,11‑di­ynoic acid
Δ5 Isoambrettolic 16-OH,5t-16:1 (5E)‑16‑hy­droxyhexa­dec-5‑enoic acid
Δ6 Isoambrettolic 16-OH,6t-16:1 (6E)‑16‑hy­droxyhexa­dec-6‑enoic acid
Δ9 Isoambrettolic 16-OH,9t-16:1 (9E)‑16‑hy­droxyhexa­dec-9‑enoic acid
Isoarachidic 18-Me-19:0 18‑methyl­nona­deca­noic acid
Isobehenic 20-Me-21:0 20‑methyl­hen­icosa­noic acid
Isobutyric 2-Me-3:0 2‑methyl­propa­noic acid
Isocapric 8-Me-9:0 8‑methyl­nona­noic acid
Isocaproic 4-Me-5:0 4‑methyl­penta­noic acid
Isocaprylic 6-Me-7:0 6‑methyl­hepta­noic acid
Isocerotic 24-Me-25:0 24‑methyl­penta­cosa­noic acid
Isocrotonic 2c-4:1 ((2Z)‑but-2‑enoic acid)
Isododecanoic

see isolauric

  
Isogorlic 13-Cp,4c-13:1 (4Z)‑13‑(cyclo­pent‑2-en-1‑yl)tri­dec-4‑enoic acid
Isoheptadecanoic 15-Me-16:0 15‑methyl­hexa­deca­noic acid
Isohexadecanoic 14-Me-15:0 14‑methyl­penta­deca­noic acid
Isohexanoic 4-Me-5:0 4‑methyl­penta­noic acid
Isolauric 10-Me-11:0 10‑methyl­un­deca­noic acid
L-Isoleucic 2-OH,3-Me 5:0 (2S,3S)‑2‑Hy­droxy-3‑methyl­penta­noic acid
Isolinolenic see columbinic  
Isomargaric 15-Me-16:0 15‑methyl­hexa­deca­noic acid
Isomontanic 26-Me-27:0 26‑methyl­hepta­cosa­noic acid
Isomycomycin* 3c5c7a9a11a-13:5 (3Z,5Z)‑tri­deca-3,5‑di­ene-7,9,11‑tri­ynoic acid
Isomyristic 12-Me-13:0 12‑methyl­tri­deca­noic acid
Isononadecanoic 17-Me-18:0 17‑methyl­octa­deca­noic acid
Isononanoic 7-Me-8:0 7‑methyl­octa­noic acid
Isooctadecanoic 16-Me-17:0 16‑methyl­hepta­deca­noic acid
Isooleic 10c-18:1 (10Z)‑octa­dec-10‑enoic acid
Isopalmitic 14-Me-15:0 14‑methyl­penta­deca­noic acid
Isopelargonic 6-Me-8:0 6‑methyl­octa­noic acid
Isopentacosanoic 23-Me-24:0 23‑methyl­tetra­cosa­noic acid
Isopentadecanoic 13-Me-14:0 13‑methyl­tetra­deca­noic acid
Isoricinoleic see strophanthus  
Isorumelenic 9c13t15c-18:3 (9Z,13E,15Z)-octadeca-9,13,15-tri­enoic acid
Isostearic 16-Me-17:0 16‑methyl­hepta­deca­noic acid
Isotricosanoic 21-Me-22:0 21‑methyl­docosa­noic acid
Isotridecanoic 11-Me-12:0 11‑methyl­dodeca­noic acid
Isotridecenoic 11c-13:1 (11Z)‑tri­dec-11‑enoic acid
Isovalerianic see isovaleric  
Isovaleric 3-Me-4:0 (3-methylbutanoic acid)
Itaconic   2‑methylidene­butane­di­oic acid
Ixoric 8c10c12c14t-18:4 (8Z,10Z,­12Z,­14E)‑octa­deca-8,10,12,14‑tetra­enoic acid
Jacaranda 8c10t12c-18:3 (8Z,10E,­12Z)‑octa­deca-8,10,12‑tri­enoic acid
Jacaric See Jacaranda  
Jalapinolic 11-OH-16:0 (11S)‑11-hy­droxy­hexa­deca­noic acid
Japanic 21:0-diacid henicosanedioic acid
Jasmonic C12H18O3 {(1R,2R)‑3‑oxo-2-[(2Z)‑pent­-2-en-1-yl]cyclo­pentyl}­acetic acid;
Juniperic 16-OH-16:0 16‑hydroxy­hexa­deca­noic acid
Juniperinic see juniperic  
Juniperonic 5c11c14c17c-20:4 (5Z,11Z,­14Z,­17Z)‑icosa-5,11,14,17‑tetra­enoic acid
α-Kamlolenic 18-OH.9c11t13t-18:3 (9Z,11E,­13E)‑18‑hy­droxy­octa­deca-9,11,13‑tri­enoic acid
β-Kamlolenic (β) 18-OH,9t11t13t-18:3 (9E,11E,­13E)‑18‑hy­droxy­octa­deca-9,11,13‑tri­enoic acid
Kerrolic* 4-OH-16:0 4‑hydroxy­hexa­deca­noic acid
Keteleeronic 5c11c-20:2 (5Z,11Z)‑icosa-5,11‑di­enoic acid
Laballenic 5e6e-18:2 (R)-form (5Ra)‑octa­deca-5,6‑di­enoic acid
Lacceric 32:0 dotria­conta­noic acid
Lacceroic see lacceric  
cis-Lachnophyllic 2c,4a6a-10:3 (2Z)-dec-2-ene-4,6‑di­ynoic acid
Lactaric See Stearic  
Lactarinic 6-oxo-18:0 6‑oxo­octa­deca­noic acid
Lactic 2-OH-3:0 (2‑hydroxy­propa­noic acid)
β-Lactic 3-OH-3:0 3‑hydroxy­propa­noic acid
Lactobacillic 11,12-P-18:0 10-[(1R,2S)-2-hexylcyclopropyl]decanoic acid
Laetisaric 8-OH,9c12c-18:2 (8R.9Z,12Z­)‑8‑hy­droxy­octa­deca-9,12‑di­enoic acid
Lanoceric 8,23-diOH-30:0 8,23-dihydroxy­tria­conta­noic acid
(R)-Lamenallenic 5e6e16c-18:3 (5R.16E)‑octa­deca-5,6,16‑tri­enoic acid
(S)-Lamenallenic 5e6e16c-18:3 (5S,16E)‑octa­deca-5,6,16‑tri­enoic acid
Lauric 12:0 dodeca­noic acid
Lauroleic 9c-12:1 (9Z)‑do­dec-9‑enoic acid
Lauroleinic 5c-12:1 (5Z)‑do­dec-5‑enoic acid
Laurostearic see lauric  
Leinolic see linoleic  
Leptomeric see pyrulic  
Lesquerolic 14-OH,11c-20:1 (11Z)‑14‑hy­droxyicos-11‑enoic acid
Leucic 2-OH,4-Me-5:0 2‑hydroxy-4‑methyl­penta­noic acid
Levulic see levulinic  
Levulinic 4-oxo-5:0 4‑oxo­penta­noic acid
α-Licanic 4-oxo,9c11t13t-18:3 (9Z,11E,­13E)‑4‑oxo­octa­deca-9,11,13‑tri­enoic acid
β-Licanic 4-oxo,9t11t13t-18:3 (9E,11E,­13E)‑4‑oxo­octa­deca-9,11,13‑tri­enoic acid
Lichesterinic or lichesteric   4‑methyl-5‑oxo-2‑tri­decyl-2,5‑di­hydrofuran-3-carboxylic acid
Lichesterylic 2-Me,4-oxo-17:0 2‑methyl-4‑oxo­hepta­deca­noic acid
Lignoceric 24:0 tetra­cosa­noic acid
Linderic 4t-12:1 (4Z)‑do­dec-4‑enoic acid
Linelaidic 9t12t-18:2 (9E,12E)‑octa­deca-9,12‑di­enoic acid
Linoleic 9c12c-18:2 (9Z,12Z)‑octa­deca-9,12‑di­enoic acid
Linolelaidic see linelaidic  
Linolenelaidic 9t12t15t-18:3 (9E,12E,­15E)‑octa­deca-9,12,15‑tri­enoic acid
α-Linolenic 9c12c15c-18:3 (9Z,12Z,‑15Z)‑octa­deca-9,12,15‑tri­enoic acid
γ-Linolenic see GLA  
Linolic see linoleic  
Linusic 9,10,12,13,15,16-hexaOH-18:0 9,10,12,13,15,16‑hexa­hydroxy­octa­deca­noic acid
Lumequeic 21c-30:1 (21Z)‑tria­cont-21‑enoic acid
Lumequic see lumequeic  
Lycaonic 12-oxo-18:0 12‑oxo­octa­deca­noic acid
Lycopodic 11t-16:1 (11E)‑hexa­dec-11‑enoic acid
Lycopodiumoleic see lycopodic  
Maleic 2c-4:1-diacid ((2Z)‑but-2‑ene­dioic acid)
DL-Malic 2-OH-4:0-diacid (2‑hydroxy­butane­dioic acid)
Malonic 3:0-diacid (propane­dioic acid)
Malvalic 8,9-P,8c-18:1 7‑(2‑octylcyclo­prop-1‑en-1-yl)­hepta­noic acid
Malvalinic see malvalic  
Malvic see malvalic  
Malyngic 9,12,13-triOH,10t15c-18:2 (9S,10E,12R,­13S,15Z)‑9,12,13‑tri­hydroxy­octa­deca-10,15‑dienoic acid
Manaoic/manoaic 11-Cp,6c-11:1 (6Z)‑11‑(cyclo­pent-2-en-1‑yl)un­dec-6‑enoic acid
Mangold’s 9t11t-18:2 (9E,11E)‑octa­deca-9,11‑di­enoic acid
Margaric 17:0 hepta­deca­noic acid
Margarolic see eleostearic (a)  
Matricaric 2t4a6a8t-10:4 (2E,8E)‑deca-2,8‑diene-4,6‑di­ynoic acid
Z,E-Matricaric 2c4a6a8t-10:4 (2Z,8E)‑deca-2,8‑diene-4,6‑di­ynoic acid
Mead 5c8c11c-20:3 (5Z,8Z,­11Z)‑icosa-5,8,11‑tri­enoic acid
Megatomic (megatomoic) 3t5c-14:2 (3E,5Z)‑tetra­deca-3,5‑di­enoic acid
Mesaconic (E)-2-Me-4:1 di-acid (2E)‑2‑methylbut-2‑ene­dioic acid
Melissic 30:0 tria­conta­noic acid
Methacrylic 2-Me,3e-3:1 (2‑methyl­prop-2-enoic acid)
R-Mevalonic 3,5-diOH,3Me 5:0 (3R)‑3,5‑di­hydroxy-3‑methyl­penta­noic acid
Micolipodienoic see mycolipenic  
Mikusch’s 10t12t-18:2 (10E.12E)‑octa­deca-10,12‑di­enoic acid
Minquartynoic 17-OH,9a11a13a15a-18:4 (17S)‑17‑hy­droxy­octa­deca-9,11,13,15‑tetra­ynoic acid
Montanic 28:0 octa­cosa­noic acid
Moroctic 4c8c12c15c-20-4 (4Z,8Z,­12Z,­15Z)‑icosa-4,7,12,15‑tetra­enoic acid
Morotic see moroctic  
Mucic see galacataric  
cis,cis-Muconic 2c4c-6:0-diacid (2Z,4Z)‑hexa-2,4‑di­ene­dioic acid
Mycinonic I* 5-OH,4-Me-2t-7:1 (2E,4S,5R)‑5‑hy­droxy-4‑methyl­hept-2‑enoic acid
Mycinonic II* 6-OH,6-Me-2t4t-9:2 (2E,4E,6S,7R)‑7‑hy­droxy-6‑methyl­nona-2,4‑dienoic acid
Mycinonic III* 9-OH,2,8-diMe,3-oxo,4t6t-11:2 (2S,4E,6E,8S,9R)‑9‑hy­droxy-2,8-dimethyl­-3-oxoundeca-4,6‑dienoic acid
Mycinonic IV* 11-OH,2,4,10-triMe,5-oxo,6t8t-13:2 (2S,4R,6E,8E,10S,11R)‑11‑hy­droxy-2,4,10-trimethyl­-5-oxotrideca-6,8‑dienoic acid
Mycoceranic 2,4,6-triMe-28:0 2,4,6-tri­methyl­octa­cosa­noic acid
Mycocerosic 2,4,6-triMe-26:0 (2R,4R,6R)-2,4,6‑tri­methyl­hexa­cosa­noic acid
Mycolipenic 2,4,6-triMe,2t-24:1 (2E)‑2,4,6‑tri­hy­droxy­tetra­cos-2‑enoic acid
Mycomycin* 3t5c7e8e10a12a-13:6 (3E,5Z)‑tri­deca-3,5,7,8‑tetra­ene-10,12‑di­ynoic acid
Mycosanoic 2,4,6-triMe-22:0 2,4,6‑tri­methyl­docosa­noic acid
Myristelaidic 9t-14:1 (9E)‑tetra­dec-9‑enoic acid
Myristic 14:0 tetra­deca­noic acid
Myristoleic 9c-14:1 (9Z)‑tetra­dec-9‑enoic acid
Nemotinic 4-OH,5e6e8a10a-11:4 4‑hy­droxyun­deca-5,6‑di­ene-8,10‑di­ynoic acid
Neostearic 15,15-diMe-16:0 15,15‑di­methyl­hexa­deca­noic acid
Nerolic 3,7-diMe,2c6e-8:2 (2E)‑3,7‑di­methyl­octa-2,6‑di­enoic acid
Nervonic 15c-24:1 (15Z)‑tetra­cos-15‑enoic acid
Nisinic 6c9c12c15c18c21c-24:6 (6Z,9Z,­12Z,­15Z,­18Z,­21Z)‑tetra­cosa- 6,9,12,15,18,21-hexa­enoic acid
Nonylic see pelargonic  
Norlinoleic 8c11c-17:2 (8Z,11Z)‑hepta­deca-8,11‑di­enoic acid
Norlinolenic 8c11c14c-17:3 (8Z,11Z,­14Z)‑hepta­deca-8,11,14‑tri­enoic acid
Obtusilic 4c-10:1 (4Z)‑dec-4‑enoic acid
Oenanthic 7:0 hepta­noic acid
Oleic 9c-18:1 ((9Z)‑octa­dec-9‑enoic acid)
Oncobic 15-Cp,8c-15:1 (8Z)‑15‑(cyclo­pent-2-en-1‑yl)penta­dec-8‑enoic acid
Operculinolic see convolvulinolic (1 of 3)  
Osbond’s See DPA  
Oxalic 2:0-diacid (ethane­dioic acid)
Palmitelaidic 9t-16:1 (9E)‑hexa­dec-9‑enoic acid
Palmitic 16:0 (hexa­deca­noic acid)
Palmitoleic 9c-16:1 (9Z)‑hexa­dec-9‑enoic acid
Palmitolic 7a-16:1 hexadec-7‑ynoic
Palmitvaccenic 11c-16:1 (11Z)‑hexa­dec-11‑enoic acid
α-Parinaric 9c11t13t15c-18:4 (9Z,11E,­13E,­15Z)‑octa­deca-9,11,13,15‑tetra­enoic acid
β-Parinaric 9t11t13t15t-18:4 (9E,11E,­13E,­15E)‑octa­deca-9,11,13,15‑tetra­enoic acid
Paullinic 13c-20:1 (13E)‑icos-13‑enoic acid
Pelargonic 9:0 nona­noic acid
Petroselaidic 6t-18:1 (6E)‑octa­dec-6‑enoic acid
Petroselic see petroselinic  
Petroselinic 6c-18:1 (6Z)‑octa­dec-6‑enoic acid
Phellogenic 22:0-diacid do­cosane­dioic acid
Phellonic 22-OH-22:0 22‑hy­droxy­docosa­noic acid
Phloionic see floionic  
Phloionolic see aleutiric  
Phlomic 7e8e-20:2 (7Ra)‑icosa-7,8‑di­enoic acid
Phrenosic see cerebronic  
Phrenosinic see cerebronic  
Phthianoic see mycoceranic  
Phthienoic see mycolipenic  
Phthioic 3,13,19-triMe-23:0 3,13,­19‑tri­methyl­tri­cosa­noic acid
Physeteric 5c-14:1 (5Z)‑tetra­dec-5‑enoic acid
Physetoleic see palmitoleic  
Phytanic see phytanic  
Phytanoic 3,7,11,15-tetraMe-16:0 3,7,11,15‑tetra­methyl­hexa­deca­noic acid
Phytenic* see phytenoic  
Phytenoic 3,7,11,15-tetraMe 2e-16:1 3,7,11,15‑tetra­methylhexa-dec-2-enoic acid
Phytoenoic   (11E)‑3,7,11,15‑tetra­methyl-10-oxo‑hexa­dec-11‑enoic acid
Phytomonic see lactobacillic  
Pimelic 7:0 di-acid heptane­dioic acid
Pinolenic 5c9c12c-18:3 (5Z,9Z,­12Z)‑octa­deca-5,9,12‑tri­enoic acid
Pivalic 2,2-diMe-3:0 (2,2‑di­methyl­propa­noic acid)
Podocarpic See sciadonic  
Pristanic 2,6,10,14-tetraMe-15:0 2,6,10,14‑tetra­methyl­penta­deca­noic acid
Propiolic 2a-3:0 (Propynoic acid)
Propionic 3:0 (Propanoic acid)
Prostanoic   7‑[(1S,­2S)-2‑octyl­cyclo­pentyl]­hepta­noic acid
Pseudoeleostearic 10t12t14t-18:3 (10E,12E,­14E)‑octa­deca-10,12,14‑trie­noic acid
Psyllic 33:0 tri­tria­conta­noic acid
Punicic 9c11t13c-18:3 (9Z,11E,­13Z)‑octa­deca-9,11,13‑tri­enoic acid
Punicinic See punicic  
Pyroterebic 4-Me,3e-5:1 4‑methyl-3‑pent­enoic acid
Pyrulic 8a10t-17:2 (10E)‑hepta­dec-10‑en-8‑ynoic acid
Pyruvic 2-oxo-3:0 2‑oxo­propa­noic acid
Ranunculeic see columbinic  
Rapinic see oleic  
Rhodinic 3,7-diMe,6e-8:1 3,7‑Di­methyloct-6-enoic acid
Ricinelaidic 12-OH,9t-18:1 (9E)‑12‑hy­droxyocta­dec-9‑enoic acid
Ricinenic 9c11c-18:2 (9Z,11Z)‑octa­deca-9,11‑di­enoic acid
Ricinic see ricinoleic  
Ricinoleic 12-OH,9c-18:1 (9Z,12R)-12‑hy­droxy-9‑octa­dec­enoic acid
Ricinolic see ricinoleic  
Ricinstearolic 12-OH,9a-18:1 12‑hy­droxy­octa­deca-9‑ynoic acid
Rosilic 10-OH,18:0 10‑hy­droxy­octa­deca­noic acid
Roughanic 7c10c13c-16:3 (7Z,10Z,­13Z)‑hexa­deca-7,10,13‑tri­enoic acid
Rumelenic 9c11t15c-18:3 (9Z,11E,15Z)-octadeca-9,11,15-tri­enoic acid
Rumenic 9c11t-18:2 (9Z,11E)‑octa­deca-9,11‑di­enoic acid
Sabinic 12-OH-12:0 12‑hy­droxy­do­deca­noic acid
Santalbic see ximenynic  
Sapienic* 6c-16:1 (6Z)‑hexa­dec-6‑enoic acid
Sarcinic 12-Me-14:0 12‑methyl­tetra­deca­noic acid
Sativic (sativinic) 9,10,12,13-tetraOH-18:0 9,10,12,13‑tetra­hydroxy­octa­deca­noic acid
Sciadonic 5c11c14c-20:3 (5Z,11Z,­14Z)‑icosa-5,11,14‑tri­enoic acid
Sciadopinolenic acid, 5c11c14c-20:3 (5Z,11Z,­14Z)‑icosa-5,11,14‑tri­enoic acid
Sebacic 10:0-diacid (Decane­dioic acid)
Sebaleic 5c8c-18:2 (5Z,8Z)‑octa­deca-5,8‑di­enoic acid
trans-Selacholeic 15t-24:1 (15E)‑Tetra­cos-=15‑enoic acid
Shibic 11c14c17c20c23c-26:5 (11Z,14Z,17Z,20Z,23Z)-hexa­cosa-11,14,17,20,23-penta­enoic acid
Sorbic 2t4t-6:2  ((2E,4E)‑hexa-2,4‑di­enoic acid)
Stearculic/stearculinic see sterculic  
Stearic 18:0 (octa­deca­noic acid)
Stearidonic 6c9c12c15c-18:4 (6Z,9Z,­12Z,­15Z)‑octa­deca-6,9,12,15‑tetra­enoic acid
Stearolic 9a-18:1 octa­deca-9‑ynoic acid
Stearophanic see stearic  
Sterculic 9,10-P,9c-18:1 8‑(2‑octyl­cyclo­prop-1‑en-1‑yl)­octa­noic acid
Sterculynic 9,10-P,9c17a-18:2 7-[2‑(non-8‑yn-1‑yl)cyclo­prop-1‑en-1‑yl]­hepta­noic acid‑
cis,cis-Stillingic 2c4c-10:2 (2Z,4Z)‑deca-2.4‑di­enoic acid
trans,cis-Stillingic 2t4c-10:2 (2E,4Z)‑deca-2.4‑di­enoic acid
Strophanthus 9-OH,12c-18:1 (12Z)‑9‑hy­droxyocta­dec-12-enoic acid
Strophantus see strophanthus  
Suberic 8:0-diacid (octane­dioic acid)
Subtiloheptadecanoic See isomargaric  
Succinic 4:0-diacid (butane­dioic acid)
Talgic see stearic  
Tanacetumoleic see palmitvaccenic  
Tariric 6a-18:1 octa­dec-6-ynoic
Tartaric 2,3-diOH-4:0-diacid ((2R,3R)-2,3‑di­hy­droxy­butane­dioic acid)
Taxoleic 5c9c-18:2 (5Z,9Z)‑octa­deca-5,9‑di­enoic acid
threo-Telfairic   octa-3,5-diene-2,3,6-tricarboxylic acid
Thalictric 5t-18:1 (5E)‑octa­dec-5‑enoic acid
Thapsic 16:0-diacid hexa­decane­dioic acid
(+/–) Threonic 2,3,4-triOH-4:0 (+/-)‑2,3,4‑tri­hydroxy­buta­noic acid
D-Threonic 2S,3R,4-triOH-4:0 (2S,3R)‑2,3,4‑tri­hydroxy­buta­noic acid
L-Threonic 2R,3S,4-triOH-4:0 (2R,3S)‑2,3,4‑tri­hydroxy­buta­noic acid
Thynnic 26:6 (probably n-3) hexa­cosa­hexa­enoic acid
Tiglic 2-Me-2t-4:1 (2E)‑2‑methylbut-2‑enoic acid
Timnodonic see EPA  
Traumatic 2t-12:1-diacid (2E)‑do­dec-2‑ene­dioic acid
Traumatin* 12-oxo,10t-12:1 (10E)‑12‑oxodo­dec-10‑enoic acid
Trichosanoic see punicinic  
Tridecylic 13:0 tri­deca­noic acid
Tsuduic see tsuzuic  
Tsuzuic 4c-14:1 (4Z)‑tetra­dec-4‑enoic acid
Tuberculostearic 10-Me-18:0 (10R)‑methyl­octa­deca­noic acid
Tuberonic   {(1R,2S)-2‑[(2Z)‑5‑hy­droxypent­-2-en-1‑yl] -3‑oxocyclo­pentyl}­acetic acid
Tureptholic see convolvulinolic  
Turpetholic A 3,12-diOH-15:0 3,12‑di­hydroxy­penta­deca­noic acid
Turpetholic B 4,12-diOH-15:0 4,12‑di­hydroxy­penta­deca­noic acid
Turpetholic C 4,12-diOH-16:0 4,12‑di­hydroxy­hexa­deca­noic acid
Turpetholic E see jalapinolic  
Undecylenic 10e-11:1 un­dec-10‑enoic acid
Undecylic 11:0 un­deca­noic
Ursolic 30-OH-30:0 30‑hy­droxy­tria­conta­noic acid
Ustilic A 15,16-diOH-16:0 15,16‑di­hydroxy­hexa­deca­noic acid
Ustilic B 2,15,16-triOH-16:0 2,15,16‑tri­hydroxy­hexa­deca­noic acid
Vaccelenic 11t15c-18:2 (11E,15Z)-octadeca-11,15‑di-enoic acid
Vaccenic 11t-18:1 (11E)‑octa­dec-11‑enoic acid
Valerianic See Valeric  
Valeric 5:0 (penta­noic acid)
Valproic 2-Propyl-5:0 2‑propyl­penta­noic acid
Ventosic 9,10,12,13-tetraOH-22:0 9,10,12,13‑tetra­hydroxy­docosa­noic acid
Vernolic cis-12,13-ep,9c-18:1 (9Z)-11-[(2S,­3R)‑3-pentyloxiran-2-yl]undec-9-enoic acid
Wyeronic acid* 4,7-ep,8-oxo,2t9a11c-14:3 (2Z)‑3‑{5‑[(4E)‑hex-4‑en-2‑ynoyl]­furan-2‑yl}prop­-2‑enoic acid
Ximenic 17c-26:1 (17Z)‑hexa­cos-17‑enoic acid
Ximenynic 9a11t-18:2 (11E)‑octa­dec-11‑en-9‑ynoic acid
Ximenynolic see agonandric  
Xionenynic 8a10c-18:2 (10Z)‑octa­dec-10‑en-8‑ynoic acid
Zoomaric see palmitoleic  

The author would be delighted to learn of additions or corrections to this list or to receive any general comments.

 

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